The Lancet infectious diseases
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and immunogenicity of RV3-BB human neonatal rotavirus vaccine administered at birth or in infancy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Despite the success of rotavirus vaccines, suboptimal vaccine efficacy in regions with a high burden of disease continues to present a challenge to worldwide implementation. A birth dose strategy with a vaccine developed from an asymptomatic neonatal rotavirus strain has the potential to address this challenge and provide protection from severe rotavirus disease from birth. ⋯ Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, the New Zealand Health Research Council, and the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of motavizumab for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease in healthy Native American infants: a phase 3 randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of an anti-RSV monoclonal antibody (motavizumab) in healthy term (≥36 weeks' gestational age) infants for the prevention of medically attended RSV acute lower respiratory tract infections. ⋯ MedImmune.
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Restriction of antibiotic consumption to below predefined total use thresholds might remove the selection pressure that maintains antimicrobial resistance within populations. We assessed the effect of national antibiotic stewardship and infection prevention and control programmes on prevalence density of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections across a region of Scotland. ⋯ NHS Grampian Research & Development Fund.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine given alone or in a sequential schedule with bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine in Chilean infants: a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 4, non-inferiority study.
Bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV; types 1 and 3) is expected to replace trivalent OPV (tOPV) globally by April, 2016, preceded by the introduction of at least one dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in routine immunisation programmes to eliminate vaccine-associated or vaccine-derived poliomyelitis from serotype 2 poliovirus. Because data are needed on sequential IPV-bOPV schedules, we assessed the immunogenicity of two different IPV-bOPV schedules compared with an all-IPV schedule in infants. ⋯ Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.