The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
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In canine intervertebral disc (IVD) disease, a useful animal model, only little is known about the inflammatory response in the epidural space. ⋯ The high CCL2 levels and upregulated MMPs combined with downregulated T-cell cytokines and suppressed pro-inflammatory genes in extruded canine disc material indicate that the epidural reaction is dominated by infiltrating monocytes differentiating into macrophages with tissue remodeling functions. These results will help to understand the pathogenic processes representing the basis for novel therapeutic approaches. The canine IVD disease model will be rewarding in this process.
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Knowledge of sagittal spinopelvic parameters and hip dysplasia is important in cerebral palsy (CP) patients because these parameters differ from those found in the general population and can be related to symptoms. ⋯ This study found significant differences between CP patients and normal controls in terms of spinopelvic alignment and hip dysplasia. Furthermore, relationships were found between the sagittal spinopelvic parameters and hip dysplasia, and correlations were found between sagittal spinopelvic parameters and pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Reliability of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging findings and their correlation with clinical outcome in patients with sciatica.
Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-MRI) is often performed in the evaluation of patients with persistent sciatica after lumbar disc surgery. However, correlation between enhancement and clinical findings is debated, and limited data are available regarding the reliability of enhancement findings. ⋯ Reliability of Gd-MRI findings was poor-to-moderate and no correlation was observed between enhancement and clinical findings at 1-year follow-up.
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The paper ''Nomenclature and classification of lumbar disc pathology, recommendations of the combined task forces of the North American Spine Society, the American Society of Spine Radiology and the American Society of Neuroradiology,'' was published in 2001 in Spine (© Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins). It was authored by David Fardon, MD, and Pierre Milette, MD, and formally endorsed by the American Society of Spine Radiology (ASSR), American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR), and North American Spine Society (NASS). Its purpose was to promote greater clarity and consistency of usage of spinal terminology, and it has served this purpose well for over a decade. Since 2001, there has been sufficient evolution in our understanding of the lumbar disc to suggest the need for revision and updating of the original document. The revised document is presented here, and it represents the consensus recommendations of contemporary combined task forces of the ASSR, ASNR, and NASS. This article reflects changes consistent with current concepts in radiologic and clinical care. ⋯ We have revised and updated a document that, since 2001, has provided a widely acceptable nomenclature that helps maintain consistency and accuracy in the description of the anatomic and physiologic properties of the normal and abnormal lumbar disc and that serves as a system for classification and reporting built upon that nomenclature.