The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
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Comparative Study
Transpedicular aspiration of osteoprogenitor cells from the vertebral body: progenitor cell concentrations affected by serial aspiration.
Spinal fusion is facilitated when the fusion site is augmented with autograft bone. Iliac crest, long the preferred source of autograft material, is the site of frequent complications and pain. Connective tissue progenitor cells (CTPs) aspirated from marrow provide a promising alternative to traditional autograft harvest. The vertebral body represents an even larger potential reservoir of progenitor cells than the ilium. ⋯ The vertebral body is a potential marrow reservoir for aspiration of autograft osteogenic CTPs that can be used to augment spinal fusion. The cancellous bone within that portion of the vertebral body routinely cannulated during pedicle screw placement allows serial aspirations with only modest depletion of progenitor cell concentrations or dilution with peripheral blood. Connective tissue progenitor cell concentrations from all depths were comparable to the mean levels previously established for the iliac crest. The ability to simultaneously harvest progenitor cells for graft augmentation while preparing the pilot hole for pedicle screw fixation will expand the potential for cell harvest techniques for fusion augmentation and reduce the need for iliac crest harvest.
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Practice Guideline
An evidence-based clinical guideline for the use of antithrombotic therapies in spine surgery.
The objective of the North American Spine Society (NASS) Evidence-Based Clinical Guideline on antithrombotic therapies in spine surgery was to provide evidence-based recommendations to address key clinical questions surrounding the use of antithrombotic therapies in spine surgery. The guideline is intended to address these questions based on the highest quality clinical literature available on this subject as of February 2008. The goal of the guideline recommendations was to assist in delivering optimum, efficacious treatment with the goal of preventing thromboembolic events. ⋯ A clinical guideline addressing the use of antithrombotic therapies in spine surgery has been created using the techniques of evidence-based medicine and using the best available evidence as a tool to assist spine surgeons in minimizing the risk of DVT and PE. The entire guideline document, including the evidentiary tables, suggestions for future research, and all references, is available electronically at the NASS Web site (www.spine.org) and will remain updated on a timely schedule.
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Comparative Study
Effects of scoliosis on respiratory muscle strength in patients with neuromuscular disorders.
Neuromuscular disorders (NMD) are characterized by loss of lung volume and respiratory muscle weakness, but the effects of scoliosis on lung function are unclear. ⋯ Both inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength were diminished in patients with NMD compared with healthy controls. Significant differences were also noted in pulmonary function in patients with NMD with or without scoliosis. This suggests that NMD may impact respiratory function independently of the effects of scoliosis. Clinicians treating patients with NMD should be aware of the possibility of compromised respiratory function in these patients to address possible complications.
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Factors associated with variability in length of sick leave because of acute low back pain in Chile.
Acute low back pain (LBP) is a frequent cause of physician visits and sick leave. Patients with longer sick leave account for most costs associated with LBP. Most research on risk factors for prolonged sick leave because of LBP has been done in Anglo-Saxon or Northern European populations with occupational LBP. Few studies have been conducted in less affluent Latin countries. ⋯ Physicians who treat patients with LBP should be aware of these variables associated with longer sick leave because of acute LBP, which represents a significant burden to any society and is an important epidemiologic problem.
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Treatment of unstable burst fractures in the dorsolumbar spine still remains controversial. Surgical stabilization has been aimed to prevent long-term back pain and progression of deformity. ⋯ There is a progressive loss of correction of the angle of kyphosis after posterior stabilization with instrumentation even without implant removal that mainly corresponds to the decrease in the anterior segment height of the fractured vertebral body.