The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
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Although previous studies have primarily focused on testing the effectiveness of cervical orthoses under properly fit conditions, this study focuses on analyzing the effects of an ill-fitted cervical orthosis (Miami J). This may have significance to health-care providers in understanding the effects of an improperly fitted neck brace. ⋯ To our knowledge, the effects of improperly fitted cervical orthoses on CRoM are still unknown. Using the NOB electromagnetic tracking system combined with VR feedback, we were able to consider the motion restriction of ill-fitting Miami J orthoses for both primary and combined motions. For both motion types, increased motion was possible when the subject was improperly fitted with the Miami J. If not considered, these excessive motions could potentially have detrimental effects on patient satisfaction, clinical outcomes, or even lead to increased secondary injury.
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Lumbar discectomy is the most common type of back surgery performed in the United States. Outcomes after this procedure can be variable and it appears that Workers' Compensation patients might be at increased risk for poor outcomes. ⋯ Results of this study suggest that compensated back surgery patients are at greater risk for poor lumbar discectomy outcomes than noncompensation patients. Presurgery correlates of poor outcomes may be useful in identifying high-risk compensation patients.
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C2 laminar screws are becoming an increasingly used method of fixation. They allow for avoidance of fixation through the C2 pedicle, eliminating the risk of vertebral artery injury. Recent studies have described the anatomic considerations of this technique in a large cadaveric population. In clinical practice, however, direct measurement is impractical and preoperative imaging must be relied upon to determine whether or not this technique can be safely used. ⋯ Given the high degree of correlation between CT measurements and direct anatomic measurements, we conclude that CT scan can accurately determine laminar thickness, a measurement critical to safe placement of intralaminar screws. It appears that longer screw lengths that were previously reported may be safely used while remaining intra-osseous. We continue to advocate preoperative planning using CT to identify patients whose lamina may be unable to accommodate safe screw placement using this technique.
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Thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) without fractures or discoligamentary injuries in adults is extremely uncommon. This is because of the inherent stability of the thoracic spine provided by the structure of the ribcage, and the increasing stiffness of the overall spine with rising age. Till date, the pathogenesis of this disorder in adults is still unclear. ⋯ Multiple rib fractures including the 4th rib resulted in violent avulsion of nerve root T4, possibly causing focal myelum contusion. This is an unusual mechanism of neurologic injury in adults, which has not been described before.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Choice of plate may affect outcomes for single versus multilevel ACDF: results of a prospective randomized single-blind trial.
Conflicting views exist according to the individual philosophy about various plate designs that can be used in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) to achieve clinical and radiological improvement within shortest time period. No prospective randomized study has ever been conducted to clarify the relationship between clinical outcomes, fusion rates, and the choice of plate (static vs. dynamic design). ⋯ Although clinical improvement is a good predictor of successful ACDF, radiological evidence of fusion alone is not reliable as a parameter of success. The design of plate does not affect the outcomes in single-level fusions but statistics indicate that multiple-level fusions may have better clinical outcome when a dynamic plate design is used.