Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain
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The exact mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of phantom limb pain (PLP) are still unclear. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting pain intensity in patients with chronic, lower limb, traumatic PLP. ⋯ These results suggest different neurobiological mechanisms to explain PLP and RLP intensity. While PLP risk factors seem to be related to maladaptive plasticity, since phantom sensation and older age are associated with more pain, RLP risk factors seem to have components leading to neuropathic pain, such as the amount of neural lesion and previous history of chronic pain. Interestingly, the phantom movement appears to be protective for both phenomena.
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Review Meta Analysis
The effectiveness of virtual reality in patients with spinal pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Virtual reality (VR) technologies have been shown to be beneficial in various areas of health care; to date, there are no systematic reviews examining the effectiveness of VR technology for the treatment of spinal pain. ⋯ VR's potential for improvement in outcomes for spinal pain that demonstrated statistical and/or clinical significance (pain intensity, disability, fear of movement, GPE, patient satisfaction, general health status, and balance) highlights the need for more focused, higher-quality research on the efficacy and effectiveness of VR for treatment of patients with spinal pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Immediate effects of the combination of interferential therapy parameters on chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.
To compare the immediate analgesic effects of 2 kHz or 4 kHz interferential current (IFC) with different amplitude-modulated frequencies (AMFs) (2 Hz or 100 Hz) on chronic low back pain (CLBP). ⋯ RBR-59YGRB.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Does pain neuroscience education and cognition-targeted motor control training improve cervical motor output? secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
In the context of interventions aimed at reducing pain, disability, and maladaptive pain cognitions in chronic neck pain, it is hypothesized that patients who have greater symptom reduction possibly also demonstrate greater improvement in cervical motor output. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of pain neuroscience education plus cognition-targeted motor control training on cervical motor output. ⋯ Pain neuroscience education combined with cognition-targeted motor control training is not more effective than biomedically focused education and exercise therapy for improving cervical motor output in people with chronic neck pain. Our findings question the relative importance of factors such as pain, disability, and maladaptive pain cognitions on cervical motor output and the need to address it in treatment.
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This study aimed to identify characteristics of individuals who are most likely to benefit from long-term opioid therapy in terms of reduction in pain severity and improved mental health-related quality of life (mQoL) without considering potential risks. ⋯ The analysis failed to identify clinically meaningful predictors of opioid therapy effectiveness, making it difficult to inform clinicians about which patients with chronic non-cancer pain are most likely to benefit from long-term opioid therapy.