Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain
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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is multifactorial condition with complex pathogenesis characterized by spontaneous or stimulus-induced pain that is disproportionate to the inciting event. It is also commonly accompanied by a myriad of autonomic and motor disturbances in highly variable combinations. ⋯ In this retrospective case series, a multidisciplinary management plan is presented in 10 children for whom the standard noninvasive treatment was unsuccessful. Within this management plan, novel drugs were included such as the capsaicin 8% patch, in addition to invasive techniques in patients who did not respond to noninvasive therapies.
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Patients with sickle-cell disease (SCD) can experience recurrent vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs), which are associated with severe pain. While opioids are the mainstay of analgesic therapy, in some patients with SCD, increasing opioid use is associated with continued and increasing pain. Dexmedetomidine, an α2 -adrenoreceptor agonist with sedative and analgesic properties, has been increasingly used in the perioperative and intensive care settings and has been shown to reduce opioid requirement and to facilitate opioid weaning. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine infusions that lasted for 3 to 6 days were associated with marked reduction in daily oral morphine-equivalent intake and decreases in pain scores (numeric rating scale). There were no hemodynamic changes that required treatment with vasoactive or anticholinergic agents. These preliminary findings of possible beneficial effects of dexmedetomidine in decreasing opioid requirements support the hypothesis that dexmedetomidine may have a role as a possible analgesic adjuvant to mitigate VOE-associated pain in patients with SCD.
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Observational Study
Risk Factors for Chronic Saphenous Neuralgia Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Utilizing Saphenous Vein Grafts.
The aim of this trial was to determine risk factors for chronic saphenous neuralgia (SN) following harvesting of the great saphenous vein (GSV) for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. ⋯ Chronic SN after CABG surgery utilizing GSV grafts is not uncommon. Risk factors identified in this trial are younger age, female gender, higher body mass index, diabetes mellitus, distal-to-proximal dissection of the GSV, and closure of the leg wound in two layers.
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Observational Study
Acute Back Pain Following Surgery under Spinal Anesthesia.
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors having a role in the occurrence of acute back pain following spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Contrary to the common belief, it is demonstrated in this study that number of lumbar punctures, method of approach and position of the spinal anesthesia, age, sex, surgical position, and the type of the surgery did not correlate with occurrence of acute back pain following spinal anesthesia.
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The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is a patient self-reported measurement instrument that evaluates pain self-efficacy beliefs in patients with chronic pain. The measurement properties of the PSEQ have been tested in its original and translated versions, showing satisfactory results for validity and reliability. The aims of this study were 2 fold as follows: (1) to translate the PSEQ into Italian through a process of cross-cultural adaptation, (2) to test the measurement properties of the Italian PSEQ (PSEQ-I). ⋯ The PSEQ-I displayed a high construct validity by meeting more than 75% of a priori hypotheses on correlations with measurement instruments assessing pain intensity, disability, anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, fear of movement, and coping strategies. Additionally, the PSEQ-I differentiated patients taking pain medication or not. The results of this study suggest that the PSEQ-I can be used as a valid and reliable tool in Italian patients with CLBP.