Latest Articles
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2025
Tract-specific white matter hyperintensities and neuropsychiatric syndromes: a multicentre memory clinic study.
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia but the functional significance of WMH in specific white matter (WM) tracts is unclear. We investigate whether WMH burden within major WM fibre classes and individual WM tracts are differentially associated with different neuropsychiatric syndromes in a large multicentre study. ⋯ Tract-syndrome specificity of WMH burden with apathy and hyperactivity suggests that disruption of strategic neuronal pathways may be a potential mechanism through which small vessel disease affects emotional and behavioural regulation in memory clinic patients.
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Maternal stress is a potential factor affecting fetal growth, but it is unknown whether it directly affects fetal growth restriction. This study aims to investigate the association between pre-pregnancy maternal stress with small for gestational age (SGA). ⋯ Pre-pregnancy maternal stress was positively associated with an increased risk of SGA in offspring. Individuals with lower socio-economic status were more likely to experience pre-pregnancy maternal stress related to life and economic factors, which in turn contributed to a higher risk of SGA.
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Obesity particularly during childhood is considered a global public health crisis and has been linked with later life health consequences including mental health. However, there is lack of causal understanding if childhood body size has a direct effect on mental health or has an indirect effect after accounting for adulthood body size. ⋯ Higher body size in adulthood may increase the risk of anxiety and depression, independent of childhood higher body size. In contrast, higher childhood body size does not appear to be a risk factor for later life anxiety and depression.
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Palliative medicine · Jan 2025
Exploring "good days" with advanced cancer: A pilot daily diary study.
People with Stage IV cancer face physical and emotional challenges impacting quality of life. Conventional quality of life measures do not capture daily fluctuations in patient well-being. ⋯ This study highlights the importance of understanding day-to-day quality of life in individuals with advanced cancer. Further research is needed to assess quality of life longitudinally and to develop personalized supportive and palliative care interventions in this population.
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Scand J Trauma Resus · Jan 2025
The development of a decision support tool in the prehospital setting for acute chest pain - a study protocol for an observational study (BRIAN2).
Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for contacting the emergency medical services (EMS). It is difficult for EMS personnel to distinguish between patients suffering from a high-risk condition in need of prompt hospital care and patients suitable for non-conveyance. A vast majority of patients with chest pain are therefore transported to the emergency department (ED) for further investigation even if hospital care is not necessary. Improved prehospital assessment and risk stratification, thus accurately and safely identifying patients suitable for non-conveyance, could prevent unnecessary transport to the ED. This would reduce ED crowding and overburdening sparse EMS resources. It would thus also probably reduce healthcare costs. Little is known about the prehospital use of the 5th generation, i.e. high-sensitivity troponin analyses. The aim of this project is to develop an EMS decision support tool using high-sensitivity troponin I for risk assessment of chest pain patients. ⋯ The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05767619).