Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Neurocognitive effect of biased µ-opioid receptor agonist oliceridine, a utility function analysis and comparison with morphine.
Oliceridine (Olinvyk) is a μ-opioid receptor agonist that in contrast to conventional opioids preferentially engages the G-protein-coupled signaling pathway. This study was designed to determine the utility function of oliceridine versus morphine based on neurocognitive tests and cold pressor test. ⋯ These data indicate that over the clinical concentration range, oliceridine is an analgesic with a favorable safety profile over morphine when considering analgesia and neurocognitive function.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Dec 2023
Surgical opioid-avoidance protocol: a postoperative pharmacological multimodal analgesic intervention in diverse patient populations.
This study evaluated the effect of a surgical opioid-avoidance protocol (SOAP) on postoperative pain scores. The primary goal was to demonstrate that the SOAP was as effective as the pre-existing non-SOAP (without opioid restriction) protocol by measuring postoperative pain in a diverse, opioid-naive patient population undergoing inpatient surgery across multiple surgical services. ⋯ The SOAP was as effective as the non-SOAP group in postoperative pain scores across a diverse patient population and associated with lower postoperative opioid consumption and discharge prescription opioids.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialThe efficacy and safety of opioid-free anesthesia combined with ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block vs. opioid-based anesthesia in thyroid surgery-a randomized controlled trial.
In the context of the current comfort medicine and enhanced recovery after surgery, there is a demand for a new anesthesia method to reduce adverse reactions and accelerate recovery after surgery. This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) combined with ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block (ICPB) and opioid-based anesthesia in patients after thyroid surgery. ⋯ Compared with opioid-based anesthesia, the OFA combined with the ultrasound-guided ICPB can better improve patients' postoperative recovery, reduce nausea, and decrease pain scores.
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Among those on chronic opioids, to determine whether patients with Medicaid coverage have higher rates of high-risk opioid prescribing following surgery compared with patients on private insurance. ⋯ Among patients on chronic opioids, new high-risk prescribing following surgery was high across payer types. This highlights the need for future policies to curb high-risk prescribing patterns, particularly in vulnerable populations that are at risk of greater morbidity and mortality.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2023
Opioid prescription rates associated with surgery among adolescents in the United States from 2015 to 2020.
The United States currently faces an epidemic of opioid misuse which extends to adolescent surgical populations. Opioid prescriptions after surgery are associated with persistent opioid use and serve as a reservoir for diversion. However, it is unclear what proportion of opioid prescriptions are surgical, and little is known about trends in opioid prescription rates associated with surgery in adolescents in the United States. This study aims to describe national trends in postsurgical opioid prescription rates over time among adolescents in the United States. ⋯ The large number of adolescents being prescribed opioids for surgery in the USA each year, suggests there is a need for national guidelines aimed at adolescent opioid use, similar to the recent CDC guidelines aimed at adult opioid use.