Articles: analgesics.
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Comparative Study
Ventilatory and analgesic effects of dezocine in humans.
The respiratory depressant and analgesic effects of intravenous dezocine were evaluated in six healthy volunteers. Single 0.15 mg/kg doses were compared with identical amounts of morphine, and the two drugs were given in combination. Five successive 0.15 mg/kg doses of dezocine also were given to identify dose-effect relationships. ⋯ Dezocine is therefore an effective analgesic with morphine-like effects. In human subjects it appears to be a slightly more potent analgesic than morphine in identical clinical doses (0.15 mg/kg). Dezocine is similar to other agonist-antagonist analgesics in that it exhibits a ceiling effect for respiratory depression that parallels its analgesic activity.
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Review Clinical Trial
Use of analgesics in postoperative dental pain: a review.
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The authors provide the reader with the pharmacologic tools useful in managing chronic pain in children. The agents discussed include the analgesics, the psychotropics, and miscellaneous anticonvulsants, antihistamines, steroids, and skeletal muscle relaxants.
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The therapeutic effect of aspirin and the other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs derives from the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase. Aspirin produces irreversible inhibition, whereas the inhibition triggered by the other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is reversible. Despite proved analgesic efficacy, use of aspirin and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be accompanied by a wide range of side effects of a potentially serious nature. ⋯ It has been used safely for years in children. Only a limited number of analgesic studies have been conducted in children. The results of analgesic studies carried out in adults are generally recognized as applicable to pain relief in children.
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Case Reports
Narcotic bowel syndrome treated with clonidine. Resolution of abdominal pain and intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
We describe the cases of five patients having a syndrome of chronic abdominal pain, vomiting, weight loss, and features of intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with prolonged use or abuse of narcotic analgesics. In each patient, abdominal complaints were originally attributed to either mechanical bowel obstruction or an underlying gastrointestinal disorder often involving prior abdominal surgery. ⋯ Clonidine therapy was used to alleviate symptoms of narcotic analgesic withdrawal. The narcotic bowel syndrome is a clinically important and frequently unrecognized cause of chronic abdominal pain.