Articles: analgesics.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Feb 2025
Observational StudyPredicting Extent of Opioid Use Following Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study.
This study was designed to test whether a negative affect phenotype reflecting depression, anxiety, anger, and pain catastrophizing predicts inpatient and outpatient opioid use outcomes following cardiac surgery. ⋯ Patients with higher preoperative levels of negative affect (depression, anxiety, anger, and pain catastrophizing) use more inpatient and outpatient opioid analgesics following cardiac surgery, a pattern similar to noncardiac surgery populations. Results support further study of patient-specific approaches to opioid prescribing to reduce the risk for opioid use disorder post-cardiac surgery.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Feb 2025
Efficacy of subcutaneous sumatriptan in postcraniotomy pain and opioid consumption.
Traditional pain management pathways following craniotomy are predicated on opioids. However, narcotics can confound critical neurological examination, contribute to respiratory depression, lower the seizure threshold, and lead to medication habituation, dependence, and/or abuse. Alternative medications to better address postoperative pain while mitigating opioid-related adverse effects remain insufficiently studied. Preliminary studies suggest sumatriptan, a 5-HT (1B/1D) receptor agonist known to regulate dural vasoactivity and inflammation, may moderate pain following trigeminal microvascular decompression and chronic postcraniotomy headache. In this study, the authors evaluated the efficacy of sumatriptan to modulate pain and opioid requirements following craniotomy surgery. ⋯ Postoperative single-dose subcutaneous sumatriptan following elective craniotomy may reduce pain scores and opioid requirements. Additional studies are needed to better understand nuanced differences in opioid modulation and optimal patient selection.
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To assess and evaluate consumer awareness and common medication use practices towards OTC analgesics, with a focus on the impact of irrational drug use and its implications for public health and safety. This includes identifying gaps in knowledge, evaluating the potential consequences of misuse, and discussing how these findings can inform future educational initiatives and policy development to promote safer medication practices. ⋯ Our study highlights the menace of self-medication practices and irrational use of OTC analgesic by the study participants. Immediate remedial measure need to be taken to discourage self-medication and improve rational use of OTC drugs which can be achieved by focusing on improving the consumers' awareness of self-medication and the rational use of medications.
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Emerging evidence indicates that cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases exert distinct functions in pain processing and that targeting phosphodiesterases might be a novel strategy for pain relief. This study hypothesized that the phosphodiesterase isoform phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) might be a target for analgesic therapy. ⋯ Collectively, the data support the idea that PDE10A is a suitable target for the development of efficacious analgesic drugs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Piroxicam and paracetamol in the prevention of early recurrent pain and emergency department readmission after renal colic: Randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Renal colic (RC) is a common urologic emergency often leading to significant pain and recurrent hospital visits. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of piroxicam versus paracetamol in preventing pain recurrence and hospital readmission in patients treated for RC and discharged from the emergency department (ED). ⋯ Piroxicam and paracetamol did not demonstrate efficacy in preventing pain recurrence or ED readmission within the first week following RC treatment.