Articles: analgesics.
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Curr Pain Headache Rep · Dec 2024
ReviewPharmacological Treatment of Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Practice-Based Review.
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a complex chronic pain condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and numerous other debilitating symptoms. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview, based on everyday clinical practice, of the drugs presently employed in the treatment of FMS. ⋯ The treatment of FMS is based on a multimodal approach, with pharmacologic treatment being an essential pillar. The drugs used include tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, other antidepressants, anticonvulsants, myorelaxants, and analgesics. The effectiveness of these medications varies, and the choice of drug often depends on the specific symptoms presented by the patient. Many drugs tend to either address only some domains of the complex FMS symptomatology or have a limited effect on pain. Each treatment option comes with potential side effects and risks that necessitate careful consideration. It may be beneficial to divide patients into clinical subpopulations, such as FMS with comorbid depression, for more effective treatment. Despite the complexities and challenges, the pharmacological treatment remains a crucial part for the management of FMS. This review aims to guide clinicians in prescribing pharmacological treatment to individuals with FMS.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Dec 2024
ReviewMitigating and preventing perioperative opioid-related harm.
Although necessary for treatment of acute pain, opioids are associated with significant harm in the perioperative period and further intervention is necessary perioperatively to mitigate opioid-related harm. ⋯ We will review policy and guidelines regarding perioperative opioid management and identify challenges and future directions to mitigate opioid-related harm.
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Tension-type headache is the most common type of primary headache and results in a huge socioeconomic burden. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of simple analgesics for the treatment of episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) in adults. ⋯ Simple analgesics are considered more effective and safe as a placebo for ETTH in adults. Our results suggest that ibuprofen and diclofenac-K may be the two best treatment options for patients with ETTH from a comprehensive point of view (both high-quality evidence).
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Because of its side effects, a morphine replacement has been searched for in the field of postoperative analgesia. Hydromorphone is a derivative of morphine with no active metabolites. ⋯ There was no significant statistical difference in postoperative analgesic effect between hydromorphone and morphine, as well as side effects, including severe sedation, nausea, and vomiting at 24 hours postoperative. However, the incidence of pruritus was lower in the hydromorphone group at 24 hours postoperative.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Opioid-free anesthesia for minimally invasive abdominal surgery: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis.
Opioid-free anesthesia for laparoscopic abdominal surgery is associated with significant PONV reduction.
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