Articles: mechanical-ventilation.
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Mechanical ventilation is associated with ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD) in animal models and also in humans. ⋯ At this date, only spontaneous ventilatory cycles and perhaps phrenic nerve stimulation appear to diminish the severity of VIDD in humans but several pathways are currently being examined using animal models. Specific pharmacological options are currently under investigation in animal models.
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2015
Comparative StudyGas exchange and lung mechanics in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: Comparison of three different strategies of positive end expiratory pressure selection.
The purpose of the study was to compare gas exchange and lung mechanics between different strategies to select positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ⋯ Using a best respiratory compliance approach resulted in better oxygenation levels without risk of overdistension according to SI and P(tpi), achieving a mild risk of lung collapse according to P(tpe).
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The main important method for airway management during anesthesia is endotracheal intubation. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and supraglottic gel device (I-Gel) are considered alternatives to endotracheal tube. ⋯ I-Gel can be inserted as fast as LMA with adequate ventilation in patients and has no major airway complications. Therefore, it could be a good alternative to LMA in emergency airway management or general anesthesia.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Mar 2015
Hospital end-of-life treatment intensity among cancer and non-cancer cohorts.
Hospitals vary substantially in their end-of-life (EOL) treatment intensity. It is unknown if patterns of EOL treatment intensity are consistent across conditions. ⋯ Despite substantial difference between hospitals in EOL treatment intensity, within-hospital homogeneity in EOL treatment intensity for cancer- and non-cancer populations suggests the existence of condition-insensitive institutional norms of EOL treatment.