Articles: trauma.
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Patients with traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (t-OHCA) require on-scene airway management to maintain tissue oxygenation. However, the benefits of prehospital endotracheal intubation remain unclear, particularly regarding neurological outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between prehospital intubation and favourable neurological outcomes in patients with t-OHCA. ⋯ Prehospital intubation was associated with favourable neurological outcomes among adult patients with t-OHCA who had severe chest injury or transportation time >15 min.
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Objective : Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) sense and respond to both trauma factors (histone proteins) and sepsis signals (bacterial lipopolysaccharide, LPS) with elevations in calcium (Ca 2+ ), but it is not clear if the patterns of activation are similar or different. We hypothesized that within seconds of exposure, histones but not LPS would produce a large EC Ca 2+ response. We also hypothesized that histones would produce different spatio-temporal patterns of Ca 2+ events in veins than in arteries. ⋯ Exposure of ECs to histones or LPS both increased gene expression, but different mRNAs were induced. Conclusions : LPS and histones activate ECs through mechanisms that are distinct and additive; only histones produce large aberrant Ca 2+ events. ECs in arteries and veins display different patterns of Ca 2+ responses to histones.