Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Dec 1987
ReviewPharmacological characteristics of agonist-antagonist analgesics.
A brief history and pharmacological characteristics of agonist-antagonist analgesics are presented. The importance of this class of compounds on the development of opioid-receptor concepts is described.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Intrathecal sufentanil as a supplement to subarachnoid anaesthesia with lignocaine.
The combination of low-dose sufentanil with lignocaine for subarachnoid anaesthesia was studied in a double-blind comparative trial in 40 urological patients. Patients were allocated randomly to two groups and received 5% heavy lignocaine 1.5 ml together with either 1.5 ml of sufentanil 5 micrograms ml-1, or physiological saline 1.5 ml. ⋯ There was no significant difference in the number of patients requiring supplementary analgesics. Side-effects were similar in both groups.
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J Cardiothorac Anesth · Dec 1987
Randomized Controlled TrialThe role of intrathecal morphine in the anesthetic management of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
The study was undertaken to assess the effects of intrathecal morphine (ITM) on perioperative hemodynamics, and anesthetic and postoperative analgesic requirements in patients anesthetized with fentanyl/enflurane undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Forty patients were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive either intrathecal morphine or saline. Nineteen patients received ITM, 0.02 mg/ kg, and 21 intrathecal saline (ITS) after induction of anesthesia. ⋯ No significant difference was found between ITM and ITS groups for postoperative requirements of morphine (3.5 +/- 0.5 v 4.5 +/- 0.6 mg), diazepam (5.6 +/-1.25 v 3.9 +/- 1.26 mg), and vasodilators (6 v 13 patients), respectively. Comparable and significant reductions of peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) occurred in both groups postextubation when compared with preoperative values. Intrathecal morphine at the dose of 0.02 mg/kg does not offer any clear benefit to patients anesthetized with fentanyl, 40 microg/kg, for coronary artery bypass surgery.