Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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The single-dose kinetics and the oral and rectal bioavailability of ketobemidone have been studied in patients after surgery. Plasma concentrations were determined following intravenous administration of Ketogin 2 ml, containing ketobemidone chloride 10 mg and the spasmolytic substance N, N-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenyl-l-methylallylamine chloride 50 mg and following oral or rectal administration of Ketogin. ⋯ After rectal administration the plasma half-life was somewhat prolonged (3.27 h), probably due to late absorption., The bioavailability of oral ketobemidone was 34% +/- 16% s.d. (n = 6), and when given rectally 44% +/- 9% s.d. (n = 5). In contrast to earlier investigations performed without plasma analysis, ketobemidone was found to have a rapid elimination when given intravenously, orally or rectally.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1982
Comparative StudyDouble-blind comparison of the postoperative respiratory depressant effects of alfentanil and fentanyl.
Alfentanil was compared with fentanyl in a double blind study of 90 female patients undergoing laparoscopic sterilizations. The analgesic was combined with droperidol and etomidate for induction and with etomidate, nitrous oxide and occasional increments of succinylcholine for maintenance of anesthesia. Twenty-four percent of the patients required reversal of postoperative respiratory depression after fentanyl compared with 7% after alfentanil (p = 0.042). ⋯ However, 84% of patients were alert on awakening after alfentanil compared with 62% of patients after fentanyl (p = 0.032). Duration and quality of postoperative analgesia were similar in both groups. Cardio-vascular stability was satisfactory in all patients and side effects were minor and infrequent.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl · Jan 1982
Multiple dose kinetics of ketobemidone in surgical patients.
Twelve patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery were selected for a study of the kinetics of ketobemidone during the day of surgery and in a follow-up study 3-5 days after surgery. In six patients ketobemidone was administered as ketobemidone plain and in the other six, it was given as Ketogin, a combination formula containing a spasmolytic substance in addition to ketobemidone. Plasma samples were collected for approximately 24 h following induction of anesthesia, during which time multiple doses of ketobemidone were administered. ⋯ Plasma clearance did not change significantly between the two periods of study, being 18.0 +/- 4.4 ml . kg-1 . min-1 peroperatively and 21.7 +/- 7.6 ml . kg-1 . min-1 postoperatively. Peroperative Vd area was significantly larger than post-operative Vd area, 5.84 +/- 2.62 l . kg-1 and 3.63 +/- 0.38 l . kg-1, respectively. T1/2 terminal decreased from 3.84 +/- 1.6 h peroperatively to 2.06 +/- 0.44 h postoperatively.