Articles: analgesia.
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Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has successfully made the transition from a research tool for the investigation of pain, to a wider clinical utility as method of pain control. Reliable and sophisticated PCA systems have been commercially available for some time. ⋯ The choice of opioid, the settings chosen for demand dose and the lockout interval will greatly influence the effectiveness of this method of analgesia. Psychological variables are also important in predicting the efficacy of PCA.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPatient-controlled analgesia (PCA) leads to more postoperative pain relief, but also to more fatigue and less vigour.
This investigation evaluated patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for subjective well-being and mood in the postoperative period in comparison with the intramuscular (im) administration of morphine given on demand. Patients scheduled for elective upper abdominal surgery were assigned at random to either PCA (n = 17) or im morphine (n = 14). ⋯ The PCA patients suffered from more fatigue and showed less vigour than the im group. Neither preoperative trait anxiety nor locus of control was associated with postoperative pain in either of the groups.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Oct 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effect of intrapartum epidural analgesia on nulliparous labor: a randomized, controlled, prospective trial.
Our purpose was to determine the effect of epidural analgesia on nulliparous labor and delivery. ⋯ In a randomized, controlled, prospective trial epidural analgesia resulted in a significant prolongation in the first and second stages of labor and a significant increase in the frequency of cesarean delivery, primarily related to dystocia.