Articles: analgesia.
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Comparative Study
Response to cold pressor pain and to acupuncture analgesia in Oriental and Occidental subjects.
On a no treatment trial, a group of 24 oriental subjects rated cold pressor pain as significantly more painful and distressing than did a group of 24 occidental subjects. For half of the Orientals and half of the Occidentals, a second trial was conducted after acupuncture analgesia had been induced. ⋯ As they had on trial 1, Orientals reported significantly more pain and distress in response to ice water on trial 2. It is concluded that: (1) if acupuncture does work better for the Chinese than for other racial groups, the likely cause is a more refined patient selection procedure rather than an inherent difference in response to acupuncture; (2) evidence does not support the stereotyped view of Orientals as stoical in the face of physical pain.
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Experimental evidence is reviewed showing that brain and spinal cord serotonergic neurons are involved in nociceptive responses, as well as in the analgesic effects of opiate narcotics. This evidence, based on studies employing pharmacological, surgical, electrophysiological, and dietary manipulations of central nervous system serotonergic neurotransmission, suggests that increases in the activity of brain and spinal cord serotonin neurons are associated with analgesia and enhanced antinociceptive drug potency, whereas decreases in the activities of these neurons correlate with hyperalgesia and diminished analgesic drug potency.
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Nitrous oxide produced a dose-related "analgesia" in mice (median effective dose, 55 percent). The analgesia was evaluated by means of a phenylquinone writhing test. Narcotic antagonists or chronic morphinization reduced nitrous oxide analgesia. Either nitrous oxide releases an endogenous analgesic or narcotic antagonists have analgesic antagonist properties heretofore unappreciated.