Articles: pandemics.
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Our study reviews the spontaneous reports of adverse events following immunisation submitted to the Danish Medicines Agency during the 2009-2010 influenza A/H1N1v season. During the study period (4 November 2009-31 March 2010), 607 reports comprising 1885 adverse events were reported among 339,507 influenza A/H1N1v vaccinated individuals (reporting rate, 179 per 100,000 vaccinated). ⋯ In conclusion, we did not observe any strong signals of any unknown or serious adverse events associated with influenza A/H1N1v vaccination in Denmark. Our experience also demonstrates the well-known limitations of spontaneous reports with respect to evaluation of a casual relationship and highlights the importance for a timely availability of background events rates and the need for new approaches to study late adverse effects following immunisation.
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After the emergence of the H1N1 influenza in 2009, some countries responded with travel-related controls during the early stage of the outbreak in an attempt to contain or slow down its international spread. These controls along with self-imposed travel limitations contributed to a decline of about 40% in international air traffic to/from Mexico following the international alert. However, no containment was achieved by such restrictions and the virus was able to reach pandemic proportions in a short time. ⋯ We explore alternative scenarios for the 2009 H1N1 pandemic by assessing the potential impact of mobility restrictions that vary with respect to their magnitude and their position in the pandemic timeline. We provide a quantitative discussion of the delay obtained by different mobility restrictions and the likelihood of containing outbreaks of infectious diseases at their source, confirming the limited value and feasibility of international travel restrictions. These results are rationalized in the theoretical framework characterizing the invasion dynamics of the epidemics at the metapopulation level.
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MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. · Jan 2011
Self-reported influenza-like illness during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic--United States, September 2009 - March 2010.
CDC identified the first case of 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza on April 15, 2009. During the first 3 months of the outbreak, approximately 43,000 cases were reported to CDC. In June 2009, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak an influenza pandemic. ⋯ Among 216,431 adults and 43,511 children (aged <18 years), the average monthly percentage of respondents reporting ILI in the 30 days preceding the interview was 8.1% among adults (range: 5.5% for September interviews to 9.5% for November) and 28.4% among children (range: 20.4% for September interviews to 35.9% for November). Health care was sought by 40% of adults and 56% of children with self-reported ILI. The results indicate that reported symptoms of ILI were widespread during the 2009--10 influenza season, with a substantial percentage of those reporting ILI seeking health care.