Articles: surgery.
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To provide surgeons with an understanding of the latest research on NETosis, including the pathophysiology and treatment of conditions involving neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the care of surgical patients. ⋯ In addition to its canonical antimicrobial function, NETosis can exacerbate inflammation, resulting in tissue damage and contributing to numerous diseases. NETs promote gallstone formation and acute pancreatitis, impair wound healing in the early postoperative period and in chronic wounds, and facilitate intravascular coagulation, cancer growth, and metastasis. Agents that target NET formation or removal have shown promising efficacy in treating these conditions, although large clinical trials are required to confirm these benefits.
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Retrospective review of a prospective multicenter adult spinal deformity (ASD) study. ⋯ Level III-prognostic.
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Minerva anestesiologica · May 2024
ReviewPain management in liver transplant recipients: a focus on current and future strategies.
Liver transplantation is the only curative treatment option for patients with end-stage liver disease. Anesthesiologists and intensivists are fully involved in this procedure due to the perioperative care focus on hemodynamic, respiratory and metabolic support. ⋯ As a result, post-liver transplantation analgesia is underestimated not only from the clinical point of view but also in the literature and only a few papers deal with the management of postoperative pain in this particular class of patients. Thus, in the experts' opinion paper we aimed to report the possible strategies for managing post-LT pain with a focus on opioids alternatives and possible future developments in this particular clinical setting also in the view that improvements in perioperative care have made it possible to adopt fast track and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery-oriented protocols also in this class of patients.
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This study assessed the national impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the education of medical students assigned to surgery clerkship rotations, as reported by surgery clerkship directors (CDs). ⋯ During the pandemic, the severe negative impact on student educational programs lessened, and novel virtual curricular solutions emerged. Student interest in surgery as a career was sustained. Measures of student competency and effectiveness of new curriculum, including telehealth, remain areas for future investigation.
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Obesity is a common condition and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Fortunately, weight loss treatment can reduce obesity-related complications. This review summarizes the evidence-based strategies physicians can employ to identify, prevent, and treat obesity, including best practices to diagnose and counsel patients, to assess and address the burden of weight-related disease including weight stigma, to address secondary causes of weight gain, and to help patients set individualized and realistic weight loss goals and an effective treatment plan. Effective treatments include lifestyle modification and adjunctive therapies such as antiobesity medications and metabolic and bariatric surgery.