Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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To examine the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) plasma levels and the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ There was a significant correlation in this study between plasma Hcy levels and severity of trauma and prognosis in patients with TBI.
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J. Physiol. Biochem. · Mar 2016
Effect of estrogen and/or progesterone administration on traumatic brain injury-caused brain edema: the changes of aquaporin-4 and interleukin-6.
The role of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the development of brain edema post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been indicated. The present study was designed to investigate the effect(s) of administration of progesterone (P) and/or estrogen (E) on brain water content, AQP4 expression, and IL-6 levels post-TBI. The ovariectomized rats were divided into 11 groups: sham, one vehicle, two vehicles, E1, E2, P1, P2, E1 + P1, E1 + P2, E2 + P1, and E2 + P2. ⋯ Our findings suggest that estrogen or progesterone by itself has more effective roles in decrease of brain edema than combination of both. Possible mechanism may be mediated by the alteration of AQP4 and IL-6 expression. However, further studies are required to verify the exact mechanism.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Mar 2016
Sleep Features on Continuous Electroencephalography Predict Rehabilitation Outcomes After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.
Sleep characteristics detected by electroencephalography (EEG) may be predictive of neurological recovery and rehabilitation outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We sought to determine whether sleep features were associated with greater access to rehabilitation therapies and better functional outcomes after severe TBI. ⋯ The presence of sleep features in the acute period after TBI indicates earlier participation in rehabilitative therapies and a better functional recovery. By contrast, status epilepticus, other ictal activity, or absent sleep architecture may portend a worse prognosis. Whether sleep elements detected by EEG predict long-term prognosis remains to be determined.
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Neurological research · Mar 2016
Traumatic brain injury accelerates kindling epileptogenesis in rats.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a well-known cause of symptomatic epilepsy. In animal models of post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), progression of trauma to epilepsy takes several weeks to months. Although this long process is similar to clinical PTE, it is costly and laborious. We used a combination of TBI and kindling as an accelerated animal model to develop epilepsy in much shorter period compared to that occurring in PTE. ⋯ Traumatic brain injury facilitates acquisition of epilepsy in both chemical and electrical kindling models. Combination of trauma and kindling can be considered as an inexpensive and time-saving animal model in PTE studies.
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J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg · Mar 2016
Posttraumatic Hydrocephalus after Decompressive Craniectomy in 126 Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.
Severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) occur frequently. In some of these patients decompressive craniectomy (DC) must be performed. Posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) can develop after TBI further damaging the brain. DC is considered to be one of the causes of PTH. This study defines the incidence of PTH in TBI patients who underwent DC and tries to determine associated factors. ⋯ Our study suggests that PTH development is multifactorial and shows that PTH is not that rare. We showed a correlation between craniectomy size and the incidence of PTH.