Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Meta Analysis
Predictors for moderate to severe paediatric head injury derived from a surveillance registry in the emergency department.
Head injuries are a common complaint among children presenting to the emergency department (ED). This study is part of an ongoing prospective surveillance of head injured children presenting to a paediatric ED. We aim to derive predictors for moderate to severe head injury in our population. ⋯ Involvement in road traffic accident, difficult arousal, base of skull fracture and vomiting are independent predictors for moderate to severe head injury in our paediatric population.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jul 2015
Case ReportsImprovement in venous outflow following superior sagittal sinus decompression after a gunshot wound to the head: case report.
The most commonly described indications for surgical management of closed depressed skull fractures are hematoma evacuation and repair of extensive cosmetic deformity. Venous sinus injury, which occurs in a subset of depressed skull fractures, is not typically listed as an indication for surgical treatment due to the potential for major venous hemorrhage associated with surgery near these structures. ⋯ The patient was treated with surgical decompression via bilateral craniectomy along with intracranial pressure-lowering medical therapy and had almost full resolution of her presenting symptoms with documented improvement in flow through the superior sagittal sinus. While the use of surgical treatment for these types of injuries is highly debated, the authors demonstrate here that safe, effective surgical management of these patients is possible and that surgical decompression should always be considered in the case of symptomatic venous sinus flow obstruction.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jul 2015
Comparative StudyDecreased apparent diffusion coefficient in the pituitary and correlation with hypopituitarism in patients with traumatic brain injury.
The relationship between microstructural abnormality in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hormone-secreting status remains unknown. In this study, the authors aimed to identify the role of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) using a diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technique and to evaluate the association of such changes with hypopituitarism in patients with TBI. ⋯ Use of DWI demonstrated that the pituitary ADC is correlated with hormone-secreting status in TBI patients. The authors suggest that pituitary ADC may be a useful biomarker to predict pituitary function in patients with TBI.
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Studies show that there are differences between men and women when it comes to several aspects of health care. But the research on equal care in a prehospital setting for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been sparsely investigated. The aim of this study is to describe prehospital care from a gender perspective. ⋯ Our results show differences, however not significant in the assessments and performed interventions between gender, with female patients receiving more assessments and interventions compared to male patients during prehospital care. Future research should focus on gender differences in initial early signs of TBI to improve early identification.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Jul 2015
Resilience is Associated with Outcome from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.
Resilient individuals manifest adaptive behavior and are better able to recover from adversity. The association between resilience and outcome from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is examined, and the reliability and validity of the Resilience Scale and its short form in mTBI research is evaluated. Patients with mTBI (n=74) and orthopedic controls (n=39) completed the Resilience Scale at one, six, and 12 months after injury. ⋯ Patients with mTBI and moderate-to-high resilience reported significantly fewer post-concussion symptoms, less fatigue, insomnia, traumatic stress, and depressive symptoms, and better quality of life, than the patients with low resilience. No association between resilience and time to return to work was found. Resilience was associated with self-reported outcome from mTBI, and based on this preliminary study, can be reliably evaluated with Resilience Scale and its short form in those with mTBIs.