Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg S · Jun 2013
Contralateral extraaxial hematomas after urgent neurosurgery of a mass lesion in patients with traumatic brain injury.
The development of a contralateral extraaxial hematoma has repeatedly been described in small series and descriptive studies. However, the evidence available to date is limited. ⋯ Contralateral extraaxial hematoma is a rare entity, although it has a high mortality rate. Therefore, it requires a high index of suspicion, especially in patients with severe TBI, with minimal contralateral injury and mainly with contralateral skull fracture on the initial CT scan.
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Background Oculorrhea, or cerebrospinal fluid leakage developing from a cranio-orbital fistula, is a rare development following traumatic injury. Case Report A 22-year-old man involved in a motor vehicle accident developed a blowout fracture of the left orbital roof penetrating the frontal lobe, inducing oculorrhea. He underwent a supraorbital craniotomy for removal of the bony fragment and skull base reconstruction using a pericranial flap. ⋯ Thirteen patients underwent initial surgical intervention, and three additional patients required operative intervention following failed conservative treatment. Conclusion Although oculorrhea rarely develops following severe orbital trauma, suspicion should nevertheless be maintained to facilitate more prompt diagnosis and management. The decision for conservative versus surgical management often depends on the severity of the fracture and dural injury.
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Retrospective review on prospective cohort and explicit chart review. ⋯ 3.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · May 2013
Retinal ganglion cell damage in an experimental rodent model of blast-mediated traumatic brain injury.
To evaluate retina and optic nerve damage following experimental blast injury. ⋯ Our study demonstrates that decrements in retinal ganglion cell responses can be detected after blast injury using noninvasive functional and structural tests. These objective responses may serve as surrogate tests for higher CNS functions following traumatic brain injury that are difficult to quantify.
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Traumatic head injury is a common cause of mortality and acquired disability in infants and children. However, patterns and outcome of head injury in infants are different from other age groups. ⋯ Infants suffered significant brain injury due to fall. Traumatic brain injury in infants generally carries good outcome. Severe head injury was observed to be a predictor of poor outcome.