Articles: disease.
-
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Oct 2020
Prospects of molecular hydrogen in perioperative neuroprotection from basic research to clinical application.
The current systematic review summarizes recent, basic clinical achievements regarding the neuroprotective effects of molecular hydrogen in distinct central nervous system conditions. ⋯ Fundamental and clinical evidence supports the antioxidant, antiinflammation, antiapoptosis and mitochondrial protective effects of hydrogen in the pathophysiology of nervous system diseases. The clinically preventive and therapeutic effects of hydrogen on different neural diseases, however, remain uncertain, and the lack of support by large randomized controlled trials has delayed its clinical application.
-
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003012.].
-
Review
A review of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in the reproductive system.
An outbreak of pneumonia associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and has been spread worldwide rapidly now. Over 5.3-million confirmed cases and 340,000 disease-associated deaths have been found till May 25, 2020. The potential pathophysiology for SARS-CoV-2 to affect the target is via the receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ⋯ Considering the crucial roles of testicular cells of the male reproductive system, increasing numbers of studies focus on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the testis. In this literature, we reviewed several studies to evaluate the relevance between SARS-CoV-2, ACE receptor, and female and male reproductive system and found that the risk of being attacked by SARS-CoV-2 is higher in males than in females. Since men infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus may have the risk of impaired reproductive performance, such as the orchitis and an elevated of luteinizing hormone (LH), and additionally, SARS-CoV-2 virus may be found in semen, although the latter is still debated, all suggest that we should pay much attention to sexual transmitted disease and male fertility after recovering from COVID-19.
-
The objectives of this study were to identify risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to lay the basis for risk stratification based on demographic data and health records. ⋯ We have shown that, along with older age and male sex, severe COVID-19 is strongly associated with past medical history across all age groups. Many comorbidities beyond the risk conditions designated by public health agencies contribute to this. A risk classifier that uses all the information available in health records, rather than only a limited set of conditions, will more accurately discriminate between low-risk and high-risk individuals who may require shielding until the epidemic is over.
-
There were 33,269 apixaban-warfarin, 9,345 dabigatran-warfarin, and 42,156 rivaroxaban-warfarin matched pairs, with a median follow-up of 4-5 months. Compared with warfarin, apixaban was associated with lower rates of stroke/systemic embolism (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.43-0.62), major bleeding (HR 0.60; 95% CI, 0.55-0.66) and stroke/myocardial infarction/all-cause mortality (HR 0.70; 95%CI, 0.66-0.74); dabigatran was associated with lower rates of major bleeding (HR: 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62-0.85); dabigatran and rivaroxaban were associated with lower rates of stroke/myocardial infarction/all-cause mortality (HR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.69-0.86 and HR 0.81; 95% CI, 0.77-0.85, respectively). Rivaroxaban was associated with a lower rate of stroke/systemic embolism (HR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.53-0.71) and a higher rate of major bleeding (HR 1.10; 95%CI, 1.03-1.18) versus warfarin.