Articles: disease.
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Apr 1998
Correlations between intestinal parasitosis, physical growth, and psychomotor development among infants and children from rural Nicaragua.
The correlations between malnutrition, parasitosis (especially helminth infections), and child development are complex, and studies of these interrelationships will allow health agencies to maximize screening and intervention strategies for developing countries. We examined these correlations in a cross-sectional program in Carazo State, Nicaragua. Nine hundred sixty-one children in two age strata (ages 0-24 months and ages 2-10 years) from one urban and three rural communities were screened for intestinal parasites (direct smear and ZnSO4 flotation), malnutrition, and developmental delays. ⋯ Ascaris and Trichuris were more prevalent in malnourished children. On the Denver II, suspect test results in all four categories (language, social, gross motor, and fine motor) were associated with low WFA, and suspect language tests were associated with both intestinal parasites (P = 0.0003) and Ascaris infection in particular (P = 0.044). Developmental disabilities are a significant and frequently undetected health problem in developing countries, and malnutrition associated with intestinal helminth infections may be an important contributory factor for these disabilities.
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Pediatric pulmonology · Apr 1998
Reproductive health in males with cystic fibrosis: knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of patients and parents.
Males with cystic fibrosis (CF) are generally infertile as a result of aberrant development of Wolffian duct derivitives. The personal significance of this and related reproductive and sexual health (RSH) issues is unknown. We set out to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and experiences regarding RSH in a group of adolescent and adult males with CF, as well as the knowledge and attitudes of parents. ⋯ We conclude that the majority of males with CF know of likely infertility. The significance of this knowledge changes with time. Poor knowledge and confusion surround a range of RSH issues in males with CF.
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Patients with puerperal sepsis following delivery at Ife State Hospital (ISH) of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC) Ile-Ife over a 10-year period spanning January 1986 to December 1995 were reviewed. One hundred and forty-six patients were diagnosed as having puerperal sepsis and there were 8428 deliveries giving an incidence of 1.7%. ⋯ The case mortality rate was 4.1%. Antenatal care and supervised hospital delivery should be encouraged in order to prevent or reduce this serious post-partum morbidity.
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In addition to ventricular arrhythmias, various forms of supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) and atrioventricular (AV) and intraventricular (IV) conduction disturbances occur also in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In the setting of AMI, SVA may be caused by relevant atrial ischemia or infarction. SVA complicate the course especially that of inferior, posterior and lateral AMI, SVA occur frequently also in the right ventricular myocardial infarction and in pericarditis. ⋯ The major cause of death in these patients are heart failure cardiogenic shock and malignant ventricular arrthythmias due to larger AMI, significant reduction of left ventricular function and advanced coronary heart disease. Complex SVA as well as serious AV and IV conduction disturbances are usually considered as markers, but not as independent predictors for both increased hospital mortality and in some cases also for that of posthospital mortality. Their occurrence in AMI may help to identify the patients at great risk who require a very intensive treatment including aggressive management of extensive coronary heart disease. (Ref. 62.).