Articles: disease.
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One hundred six black males completed a questionnaire concerning attitudes and knowledge about the use of condoms and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Of the 106 males in the study, 27 (26%) reported that they "always" used condoms, 31 (29%) did not use condoms and had low intentions of using them, and 48 (45%) reported high intentions to use condoms. Results indicated that knowledge about AIDS was exceptionally high for black males in all three groups. ⋯ A significantly larger percentage of low intenders were treated for gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, and genital warts than males in the other groups. Drug use did not differentiate the three groups, although marijuana was used more often by males in the low-intender group. Finally, a larger percentage of black males in the low-intender group reported experiences with anal intercourse and sex with a prostitute, but considered themselves at lower risk for AIDS than did their high-intender or steady-user counterparts.
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Sixty-four pregnancies in 41 women with biopsy proven lupus nephritis between 1965 and 1991 were analysed to record fetal and maternal outcome and identify risk factors for poor outcome. Of 65 fetuses, 22 (34 per cent) were lost (including therapeutic abortions), 19 (30 per cent) were live born but premature (less than or equal to 36 weeks gestation) and 24 (37 per cent) were term. Fetal loss after 20 weeks gestation was 19 per cent. ⋯ Comparison of pregnancies occurring before or after diagnosis was made by renal biopsy failed to show any significant difference in fetal outcome. Pregnancies occurring after the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis were associated with a significantly lower incidence of maternal hypertension, early hypertension, severe hypertension and increased proteinuria. The presence of the circulating lupus anticoagulant was clearly associated with a significantly high fetal loss rate although the incidence of maternal complications did not differ significantly between mothers positive or negative for lupus anticoagulant.