Articles: disease.
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The prevalence of tuberculosis infection is critical to the design of tuberculosis prevention strategies, yet is unknown in Canada. We estimated the prevalence of tuberculosis infection among Canadian residents born abroad. ⋯ About 1 in 4 foreign-born Canadian residents has tuberculosis infection, but very few were infected within the 2 preceding years (the highest risk period for progression to tuberculosis disease). These data may inform future tuberculosis infection screening policies.
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Review Meta Analysis
Re-evaluation for systematic reviews of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.
Chronic bronchitis (CB) is a common clinical chronic respiratory disease, which has a high incidence in the middle aged and elderly population. With the development of the disease, the number of acute attacks becomes more and more frequent, which leads to the continuous decrease of lung function. If not treated in time, it will lead to a variety of complications and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or TCM combined with western medicine is highly effective in the treatment of CB disease. In recent years, there are many systematic reviews on the use of TCM therapy in the treatment of CB, and the efficacy and safety of TCM in the treatment of CB diseases are evaluated. The aim of this study was to re-evaluate the Meta analysis/Systematic reviews (MAs/SRs) of TCM for the treatment of CB, aiming to provide a clinical basis for the treatment of CB by TCM. ⋯ The MAs/SRs methodological quality of using TCM for treatment CB is generally poor, the quality of reports as well as evidence are generally low, and the risk of bias is high, therefore we should treat these results with caution.
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Review Case Reports
Treatment of primary vaginal malignant melanoma and review of previous literature: A case report.
Primary vaginal malignant melanoma is a rare gynecological malignant tumor with high malignancy and poor prognosis. Because of its insidious incidence, it is generally diagnosed in the late stage, and the 5-year survival rate is only 5% to 25%. Due to the rarity of this disease and the limited number of related cases reported in the literature, there is currently no unified standard for its diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the treatment of this disease has always been a difficult problem in clinical practice. ⋯ The treatment of primary vaginal malignant melanoma is still dominated by surgery, while radiotherapy and chemotherapy are controversial. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy highlight certain advantages in advanced patients, which still need to be verified by large sample studies, We provide a case of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for vaginal malignant melanoma. So far, no signs of disease recurrence have been found. As the price of chemotherapy drugs decreases, it is economically convenient and acceptable for most patients, but its effectiveness needs to be observed in large-scale clinical trials.
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Observational Study
The effect of gemigliptin treatment on immune parameters including regulatory T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate to very severe chronic renal impairment.
It is crucial to understand the impact of DPP-4 inhibitors on the immune system, particularly T cell differentiation, maturation, and proliferation, in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD. This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the distribution of immune cells (particularly regulatory T cells), following the administration of gemigliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. We enrolled 28 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 20 to 69, who had been taking a daily dose of 50mg gemigliptin for <3 months and had chronic kidney disease stages 3, 4, or 5, including that undergoing dialysis. ⋯ The number of CD4(+)/CD25(+) cells did not significantly increase or decrease in baseline, 3 months, and 6 months time changes, and the number of CD127(-/FoxP3(+) cells did not change significantly. Treatment with gemigliptin for 3 and 6 months did not significantly alter the number, percentage, or ratio of circulating Treg cells in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD. Therefore, the administration of gemigliptin may help maintain regulatory T cells or have no significant impact.