Articles: back-pain.
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A previous report demonstrated predictive power of short-term leg pain relief after lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections for 1-month treatment response. The question whether the long-term response could be similarly predicted remained unanswered. ⋯ Most patients with a symptomatic lumbar disc herniation who opt for a second injection or surgery do so within the first 6 months. Reliable prediction of the long-term treatment response based on short-term pain relief is not possible.
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Psychometric testing of the Persian version of Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale 20. ⋯ 3.
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A case-control study. ⋯ 4.
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Meta Analysis
Gray Matter Abnormalities Associated with Chronic Back Pain: A Meta-analysis of Voxel-based Morphometric Studies.
Studies employing voxel-based morphometry have reported inconsistent findings on the association of gray matter (GM) abnormalities with chronic back pain (CBP). We, therefore, performed a meta-analysis of available studies to identify the most consistent GM regions associated with CBP. ⋯ The present study demonstrates a pattern of GM alterations in CBP. These data further advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of CBP.