Articles: child.
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Multicenter Study
Sodium administration in critically ill paediatric patients in Australia and New Zealand: a multicentre point prevalence study.
Dysnatraemia and a positive fluid balance are associated with poor outcomes in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Our objective was to determine sodium intake and the total daily fluid balance in children in the PICU. ⋯ Daily sodium intake in children in the PICU is high. The contributions of maintenance and bolus intravenous fluids (most commonly as 0.9% sodium chloride), drug infusions and boluses, including antibiotics, and enteral feeds, are significant.
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Multicenter Study
Association of Traumatic Brain Injuries With Vomiting in Children With Blunt Head Trauma.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of traumatic brain injuries in children who vomit after minor blunt head trauma, particularly when the vomiting occurs without other findings suggestive of traumatic brain injury (ie, isolated vomiting). We also aimed to determine the relationship between the timing and degree of vomiting and traumatic brain injury prevalence. ⋯ Traumatic brain injury on CT is uncommon and clinically important traumatic brain injury is very uncommon in children with minor blunt head trauma when vomiting is their only sign or symptom. Observation in the emergency department before determining the need for CT appears appropriate for many of these children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Angular malalignment as cause of limitation of forearm rotation: An analysis of prospectively collected data of both-bone forearm fractures in children.
Although limitation of pronation/supination following both-bone forearm fractures in children is often attributed to an angular malunion, no clinical study has compared pronation/supination and angular malalignment of the same child by analysis of prospectively collected clinical data. ⋯ Children who sustained a both-bone forearm fracture localised in the distal metaphysis have a higher chance of developing a clinically relevant limitation of forearm rotation in case of a more severe angular malalignment, while children with a diaphyseal both-bone forearm fracture had a moderate chance of limitation, irrespective of the severity of the angular malalignment.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2014
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyPathway From Central Obesity to Childhood Asthma: Physical Fitness and Sedentary Time Are Leading Factors.
Available prospective studies of obesity and asthma have used only body mass index (BMI) as an indicator for adiposity; studies using detailed obesity measures are lacking, and the role of physical fitness level and sedentary time remains unexplored in the link between obesity and asthma. ⋯ Central obesity measures should be incorporated in childhood asthma risk predictions. Children are encouraged to increase their physical fitness levels and reduce their sedentary time to prevent central obesity-related asthma.
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Multicenter Study
Recurrent and High-frequency Use of the Emergency Department by Pediatric Patients.
The authors sought to describe the epidemiology of and risk factors for recurrent and high-frequency use of the emergency department (ED) by children. ⋯ Risk factors for recurrent ED use by children include age, race and ethnicity, and insurance status. Although asthma plays an important role in recurrent ED use, acute illnesses account for the majority of recurrent ED visits.