Articles: postoperative-pain.
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J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntraperitoneal ropivacaine and a gas drain: effects on postoperative pain in laparoscopic surgery.
To assess the benefits of the combination of a gas drain and the instillation of local anesthetic on the incidence of pain after operative gynecologic laparoscopy. ⋯ We recommend the use of a gas drain and ropivacaine to reduce postoperative pain.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe efficacy and safety of oral immediate-release oxymorphone for postsurgical pain.
In this double-blind, parallel-group study, we compared 3 oxymorphone immediate-release (IR) doses with placebo for efficacy and with oxycodone IR and placebo for safety in patients with acute moderate-to-severe postsurgical pain. During the single-dose phase (n = 300), patients received oxymorphone IR 10, 20, or 30 mg; oxycodone IR 10 mg; or placebo. All oxymorphone IR doses were superior for providing pain relief for 8 h (P < 0.05), with a significant analgesic dose response (P < 0.001). ⋯ The median dosing interval was >9.5 h for oxymorphone IR 30 mg and > or =7 h for the other groups. Opioid-related adverse events, similar among groups, were generally mild or moderate. Oxymorphone IR 10, 20, or 30 mg provided significant dose-related pain relief compared with placebo, and this relief was maintained over several days with a safety profile comparable to that of oxycodone IR.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe postoperative analgesic effect of tramadol when used as subcutaneous local anesthetic.
Recently, it has been shown that tramadol was an effective local anesthetic in minor surgery. In this study, its efficacy for relieving postoperative pain was evaluated. Forty patients undergoing minor surgery (lipoma excision and scar revision) under local anesthesia were included. ⋯ During the 24 postoperative hours, 18 of 20 (90%) subjects did not need any type of analgesia in group T, whereas this number was 10 (50%) in group L (P < 0.05). The time span before taking first analgesic medication was longer (4.9 +/- 0.3 h) in group T than that of group L (4.4 +/- 0.7 h) (P < 0.05). We propose that tramadol can be used as an alternative drug to lidocaine for minor surgeries because of its ability to decrease the demand for postoperative analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A randomized controlled trial to measure the effectiveness of a sacral wedge in preventing postoperative back pain following trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in lithotomy position.
Postoperative back pain is a common, yet under reported, complication of surgery. Previous studies, although small in number, have indicated that the use of a sacral wedge is effective in reducing the incidence of postoperative back pain. ⋯ Despite the non-significant results, the high level of postoperative back pain stills draws attention to the need to develop strategies to reduce its incidence.
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Nursing in critical care · Nov 2004
ReviewA review of the efficacy and safety of opioid analgesics post-craniotomy.
--Codeine phosphate is the most commonly used analgesic post-craniotomy. --It is argued, in this paper, that codeine phosphate is an unpredictable pro-drug that does not equate to a safe and effective method of providing analgesia post-craniotomy. --Lack of evidence supporting tramadol's usage and concerns over its interactions and side effects mean its use cannot be advocated. --The traditional justification for withholding morphine in post-craniotomy pain appears to be largely based on anecdotal evidence. --Raising awareness among critical care nurses of the pharmacological properties of the analgesics used is imperative, if post-craniotomy pain is to be adequately treated. --There is an explicit challenge to the neurosurgical community to re-evaluate their pain-management strategies in the post-craniotomy patient.