Articles: low-back-pain.
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Pain evaluation typically relies upon the use of self-report instruments. The validity of these tools is questionable in many older adults, however, particularly those with cognitive impairment. Rating of pain behavior (e.g. grimacing, sighing) by an objective observer represents an alternative pain assessment strategy which has been validated in subjects of heterogeneous ages. ⋯ The association between pain and disability was modestly strong with both self-report instruments and pain behavior observation when the ADL protocol was used, but not when the traditional protocol was used. Our findings suggest that pain behavior observation is a valid assessment tool in the elderly. In addition, it seems that observation of elders during performance of activities of daily living may be a more sensitive and valid way of assessing pain behavior than observing pain behavior during sitting, walking, standing, or reclining.
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J Manipulative Physiol Ther · Oct 1996
Meta AnalysisThe effectiveness of chiropractic for treatment of low back pain: an update and attempt at statistical pooling.
To determine the effectiveness of chiropractic treatment for patients with low back pain by means of a systematic review of the literature. ⋯ There is certainly a need for correctly executed trials. In future research on the effectiveness of chiropractic, guidelines for uniform execution and reporting of RCTs should first be established to enable subsequent statistical pooling in systematic reviews of chiropractic trials.
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A cross-sectional study on patients with chronic low back pain to compare relationships between subjective disability and pain intensity, pain duration, pain location, and work-related factors. ⋯ The results suggest that subjective disability in patients with chronic low back pain overlaps with both pain and work-related factors. The observations support the multidimensionality of low back disability.
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To assess the possible cause of low back pain in pregnancy and develop a management program. ⋯ Low back pain in pregnancy is likely to be due to sacroiliac dysfunction which can be significantly improved with mobilisation.