Articles: human.
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The only untreatable subgroup of female infertility is absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI), which is due to congenital or surgical absence of a uterus or presence of a nonfunctional uterus. The solitary option for a woman with AUFI to become a biological mother today is through a gestational surrogate mother, a procedure that is prohibited in Sweden and large parts of the world. Uterus transplantation (UTx) is a potential future treatment of AUFI. ⋯ Here, we summarize the primate UTx experiments that have paved the way for the human UTx cases, which are described and analyzed in more detail. We also estimate how many women of fertile age are affected by AUFI and describe the causes. The ethics around UTx is complex and is also addressed.
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Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used to risk-stratify patients undergoing major elective surgery, with a poor exercise capacity being associated with an increased risk of complications and death. Patients with anaemia have a decreased exercise capacity and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality after major surgery. Blood transfusion is often used to correct anaemia in the perioperative period but the effect of this intervention on exercise capacity is not well described. We sought to measure the effect of blood transfusion on exercise capacity measured objectively with CPET. ⋯ Transfusion of allogeneic packed red cells in anaemic adults led to a significant increase in their capacity to exercise. This increase was seen in the anaerobic threshold, and other CPET variables.
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Both nerve growth factor (NGF) and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation sensitize nociceptive nerve endings and increase axonal excitability of nociceptors. Combining NGF and UV-B treatment is supra-additive for sensory sensitization and even caused spontaneous pain in about 70% of the subjects. ⋯ The combination of NGF and UV-B increases axonal excitability that contributes to hyperalgesia and might also facilitate ongoing spontaneous pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Targeted temperature management after intracerebral hemorrhage (TTM-ICH): methodology of a prospective randomized clinical trial.
Intracerebral hemorrhage causes 15% of strokes annually in the United States, and there is currently no effective therapy. ⋯ More research of novel therapies to improve outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage is desperately needed. The results of the targeted temperature management after intracerebral hemorrhage clinical trial may provide additional information on the applicability of targeted temperature management after intracerebral hemorrhage.