Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Comparison of the combined effects of atropine and neostigmine with atropine and edrophonium on the lower oesophageal sphincter.
In two groups (n = 11) of healthy patients, we have measured gastric, lower oesophageal and barrier pressures before and after antagonism of neuromuscular block during anaesthesia with nitrous oxide and isoflurane. In one group, atropine 1.2 mg and neostigmine 2.5 mg were given and in the second group atropine 0.6 mg with edrophonium 1 mg/kg. One minute after administration of the reversal agents, there was a significantly greater reduction in barrier pressures in the neostigmine and atropine group than in the edrophonium and atropine group, but subsequently, there was no significant difference between the two groups. We conclude that there is no clinical difference between the two reversal mixtures in terms of the risk of regurgitation in the immediate period after reversal.
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In a group of 880 patients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy using local anesthesia, the incidence of postoperative urinary retention was 0.2 per cent. During the same period, a similar group of 200 patients had their hernias repaired using general or spinal anesthesia. The incidence of postoperative urinary retention was 13 per cent. The authors contend that the use of local anesthesia in inguinal hernia repair almost eliminates postoperative urinary retention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Induction and recovery characteristics of desflurane in day case patients: a comparison with propofol.
Desflurane is an ether halogenated exclusively with fluorine. It has a blood/gas partition coefficient of 0.42 (cf. isoflurane 1.40 and nitrous oxide 0.46). This characteristic suggests that it should provide both a fast induction of anaesthesia and a rapid recovery from anaesthesia. ⋯ The psychomotor scores in the patients who received propofol for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia were significantly worse compared with those who were given desflurane for either induction and maintenance or for maintenance only. There was also a tendency for other recovery parameters to be faster in the patients receiving desflurane although this did not reach statistical significance. This suggests that desflurane would be a suitable agent for day case anaesthesia providing for a rapid recovery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialChanges in body heat during hip fracture surgery: a comparison of spinal analgesia and general anaesthesia.
Postoperative hypothermia initiates an increased oxygen demand in the postoperative period and may endanger patients with restricted cardiopulmonary reserves. In order to compare net heat losses and gains, we studied 28 women undergoing hip fracture surgery, using either general anaesthesia or spinal analgesia. ⋯ Temperature changes were unrelated to the type of anaesthesia. Large net heat losses occurred on transfer to the recovery room.