Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Effects of anesthesia on higher brain functions in the elderly].
Sixty-four patients aged over 60 about to undergo elective surgery of the lower limbs were allocated at random to two groups, one with general anaesthesia, the other with local/regional anaesthesia, in order to compare the effects of these two types of anaesthesia on superior brain functions. The two groups were similar in age, disease, treatment and risk from anaesthesia. ⋯ The score decreased to pathological values (less than or equal to 20) in 4 patients from the local/regional anaesthesia group, and this fall was associated with trans- and postoperative incidents (haemorrhage, cardiorespiratory arrest, confusion after receiving pethidine, cardiac decompensation). This study shows that alterations of the superior brain functions are probably related to trans and postoperative incidents rather than to the type of anaesthesia administered.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Postoperative analgesic requirements in patients exposed to positive intraoperative suggestions.
To establish whether positive suggestions given to a patient under general anaesthesia reduce postoperative pain and analgesic requirements. ⋯ Positive intraoperative suggestions seem to have a significant effect in reducing patients' morphine requirements in the early postoperative period.
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British dental journal · Oct 1990
Biography Historical Article'The Yankee dodge': some new observations on the discovery of anaesthesia.
The discovery of general anaesthesia is arguably the most important advance in the practice of surgery. To whom the credit belongs has, however, remained controversial. A first-hand account has now indicated that this controversy can finally be resolved, and that the credit for the discovery of anaesthesia should be given to Horace Wells.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 1990
Effects of intravenous or endotracheal lidocaine on circulatory changes during recovery from general anesthesia.
Intravenous lidocaine (1.5 mg.kg(-1)) was not effective in attenuating the circulatory changes and the cough reflex induced by airway stimulation during recovery from general anesthesia, whereas endotracheal 4% lidocaine (3 ml) was effective. The arterial concentration of the intravenously administered-lidocaine peaked at a level of 9.52 +/- 0.81 microg.ml(-1) 0.5 min later. The arterial concentration of the endotracheally administered-lidocaine peaked at 1.44 +/- 0.13 microg.ml(-1) 15 min later. These findings indicate that the endotracheal administration of lidocaine may be superior to the intravenous administration for attenuating the circulatory changes and the cough reflex during recovery from general anesthesia, and that the arterial concentration of lidocaine did not correlate with the clinical efficacy for this purpose.