Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Southern medical journal · Jul 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEvaluation of ranitidine as an oral antacid in outpatient anesthesia.
We studied the effects of preanesthetic ranitidine on gastric contents in 60 outpatients scheduled for elective surgery, with random allocation into three groups of 20 patients each. Patients in group 1 did not receive ranitidine and served as controls. Patients in groups 2 and 3 received ranitidine orally, 150 and 300 mg, respectively, one to five hours before induction of anesthesia. ⋯ Mean gastric volume and proportion of patients with volume greater than or equal to 20 ml were significantly reduced in both treatment groups. Proportions of patients with combination of pH less than or equal to 2.5 and volume greater than or equal to 20 ml were significantly low in both treatment groups, as there was only one patient in group 2 and none in group 3 with both low pH and high volume. With respect to reduction of gastric acidity and volume, 300 mg of ranitidine had no advantage over 150 mg.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Mental function and morbidity after acute hip surgery during spinal and general anaesthesia.
Forty elderly patients (mean age 78.9 years) undergoing acute surgery for hip fracture were given at random either spinal analgesia with bupivacaine 0.75% or general anaesthesia with diazepam, fentanly and N2O/O2. Mental function was studied pre-operatively with an abbreviated mental test and 1 week and 3 months postoperatively in both groups. Mortality and number of complications was similar in the two groups, but a shorter time of ambulation was seen in the spinal group compared to the general anaesthetic group. No persistent impairment in mental function was found after acute hip surgery under spinal or general anaesthesia and the only advantage of regional technique was a shorter time of ambulation.
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Comparative Study
Volume-controlled high frequency positive pressure ventilation for upper abdominal surgery. A clinical report.
Volume-controlled high-frequency positive pressure ventilation was evaluated and compared to intermittent positive pressure ventilation during anesthesia in 74 patients undergoing biliary tract surgery. There were no statistically significant differences in oxygenation or ventilation. Significantly lower airway pressures and lower tidal volumes were recorded during high frequency positive pressure ventilation. ⋯ Used intra-operatively, it also produced a quiet operative field, which the surgeons appreciated during cannulation of the biliary duct and stapling of the stomach. At the end of the anaesthesia, high frequency positive pressure ventilation was superimposed on spontaneous breathing and operated as a new mode of intermittent mandatory ventilation. This reduced the risk of hypoxia at the time of emergence from anaesthesia and at tracheal suctioning.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jun 1985
Effect of nitrous oxide on serum vitamin-B12 levels under surgical anesthesia.
To evaluate the effect of nitrous oxide (66%) as used in surgical anesthesia on serum vitamin-B12 levels, 27 patients were studied undergoing operations longer than 2 hours. In addition a group of 10 patients was given oxygen/halothane for comparison. ⋯ There was also no macrocytosis or hypersegmentation of neutrophils on blood slides taken concomitantly with blood samples in both groups. In view of the rapid recovery of vitamin levels and the fact that, in spite of the significant reductions caused by nitrous oxide none of the individual values decreased below normal, it is suggested that the effect of nitrous oxide as used in surgical anesthesia may be considered insignificant in patients with normal vitamin-B12 values.