Articles: general-anesthesia.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1978
Arterial oxygenation during artificial ventilation. The effect of airway closure and of its prevention by positive end-expiratory pressure.
Airway closure and arterial blood gases were measured in 11 healthy subjects both before and during anaesthesia with artificial ventilation, prior to routine surgery. The functional residual capacity was then increased by positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), so that ventilation took place at a lung volume where no airway closure was present, and the effect on arterial oxygenation was again investigated. ⋯ There was no improvement in arterial oxygenation on increasing functional residual capacity (FRC) in either group. It may well be that this failure to improve oxygenation was due to a deleterious effect of PEEP on the circulation, even though the PEEP was the minimum required to abolish airway closure.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1978
Cardiovascular effects of local adrenaline infiltration during halothane anaesthesia and adrenergic beta-receptor blockade in man.
Adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agents, alprenolol, propranolol and practolol were given as a prophylactic measure to patients undergoing middle-ear microsurgery where adrenaline was deliberately infiltrated during halothane-N2O/O2 anaesthesia. These three beta blockers did not differ in their action on heart rate, arterial blood pressure, right ventricular pressure, CVP or peripheral pulse wave in equipotent doses, which were 0.04 mg/kg for alprenolol and propranolol and 0.4 mg/kg for practolol in this study. ⋯ Occasionally occuring tachyarrhythmias were easily terminated with a further dose of a beta blocker. The effective half-life of practolol was less than 15 min and doses up to 0.4 mg/kg were unable to prevent arrhythmias during adrenaline challenge.
-
Historical Article
Changes in obstetric anaesthesia in the last twenty-five years.
The last twenty-five years have provided a continuing success story in the achievement of satisfactory obstetric analgesia. Maternal mortality and morbidity from general anaesthesia has not decreased substantially. Mothers still run the same risk of inhalational pneumonitis and are even more likely to suffer the distressing experience of awareness. It must, however, be admitted that general anaesthesia for child-birth has brought increasing benefits to the new born during the last twenty-five years.