Articles: general-anesthesia.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1976
Oxygen transport and venous admixture in the extremely obese. Influence of anaesthesia and artificial ventilation with and without positive end-expiratory pressure.
Eight extremely obese patients (mean weight 136 kg) were studied when awake and breathing air, and during anaesthesia with controlled ventilation (oxygen fraction in inspirate (FIO2): 0.5). During anaesthesia, the atients were first studied with zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) ventilation. Then two different positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) were applied, 10 cmH2O and 15 cmH2O, in order to study the effect of an increase in functional residual capacity (FRC). ⋯ This was due to simultaneous reduction in QS/QT and QT. At a PEEP of 15cmH2O, the P(A-a)O2 was 21.2 +/- 7.1 kPa, oxygen availability 862 +/- 170 ml/min, QS/QT 13 +/- 4 and QT 4.4 +/- 0.6 1. It is concluded that PEEP ventilation significantly reduces QS/QT in extremely obese patients during anaesthesia and should be used in these patients if there is arterial hypoxemia despite a high FIO2.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1976
Jet ventilation for fiberoptic bronchoscopy under general anesthesia.
An oxygen jet method ventilating patients during laryngoscopy has been applied to fiberoptic bronchoscopy. A 3.5 mm plastic tube 24.5 cm long was inserted into the trachea through the mouth. An intermittent jet of oxygen at 3.5 atm (50 psi) was applied to this tube using a 1.5 mm ID plastic catheter to ventilate the patient. ⋯ The high PO2 levels were maintained even during suctioning. General anesthesia for fiberoptic bronchoscopy can be performed using an endotracheal tube not smaller than 8 mm internal diameter (ID). The advantages of the oxygen jet technique are that it can be used in smaller patients and that the upper airway can be examined.
-
Comparative Study
Comparison of thiopentone versus althesin for caesarean section.
Thiopentone and Althesin were compared in 50 patients undergoing general anaesthesia for Caesarean section. The patients were divided into group A (24 mothers) were thiopentone (3.5 mg/kg) was used for induction and group B (26 mothers) where Althesin (80 mu1/kg) was employed. Blood samples for estimating the maternal and umbilical venous and arterial blood pH, pCO2, BD and pO2 were taken at the time of delivery. ⋯ The umbilical venous and arterial pH, pCO2 and BD were well within the normal physiological range and there was no significant intergroup difference. The only significant differences were the lower umbilical venous and arterial pO2 values in the Althesin group. The clinical condition of the newborn (Apgar score) showed no significant difference between the two groups.
-
A technique of jet ventilation under general anesthesia (Alfaterinse suxamethonium) was used in 67 patients, in 55 cases for multiple endoscopic examinations in a single stage, usually laryngoscopy in suspension followed by oesophagoscopy, and in 12 cases, for an operation on the larynx. Arterial gasometry (PaO2 and PaCO2) proved the efficacy of the method, the major risk remaining, in the opinion of the authors, the possibility of excessive pressure which may be avoided by strict supervision.
-
Comparative Study
[Effect of general anesthesia with Alfatesine on the newborn infant in obstetrical practice].
We studied in 130 parturients during childbirth the effects of general anaesthesia by Alfatesine on the state of the foetus at birth. The examinations took into account the APGAR score, blood gas analysis, pH, bases excess in the umbilical artery and vein and the foetal EEG. The subjects are divided into three groups: prophylactic caesarians, extractions during labor in the absence of any foetal distress and extractions for reasons of acute or chronic foetal distress. ⋯ The APGAR score is hardly affected by the Alfatesine; the EEG is perturbed (but without any clinical manifestations) during the two hours following delivery. However, theses modifications are less pronounced than those observed with barbiturates. The study of blood gases and pH shows lower values under anaesthesia than without.