Articles: pain-measurement.
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This study examined the effects of increasing the number of assessments on the reliability and validity of measures of average pain intensity. Two hundred chronic pain patients completed 2 weeks of hourly pain ratings. ⋯ Also, and as expected, the results indicate that a single rating of pain intensity is not adequately reliable or valid as a measure of average pain. However, a composite pain intensity score calculated from an average of 12 ratings across 4 days demonstrated adequate reliability and excellent validity as a measure of the average pain in this sample of chronic pain patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Nov 1993
Multidimensional pain assessment in premature neonates: a pilot study.
To describe the physiologic and behavioral responses of premature neonates to a painful stimulus. ⋯ Premature neonates are capable of expressing their pain in a manner similar to healthy, full-term neonates. Factors that alter this response were not clearly delineated. Further research is needed to determine more precise patterns of response in this age group.
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Comparative Study
The pain drawing and Waddell's nonorganic physical signs in chronic low-back pain.
Pain drawings were obtained from a group of 651 patients who had chronic low-back pain. Pain drawings were rated in four grades according to the degree of organic and nonorganic pain. Experienced and inexperienced evaluators were used. ⋯ A correlation between pain drawings and Waddell's nonorganic physical signs demonstrated that a large proportion of patients with high Waddell scores had nonorganic pain drawings. No significant differences were noted in the distribution of Waddell scores and pain drawings based on patient gender or payment status (i.e., medicolegal or workers' compensation). Pain drawings afford an important adjunct in the physician's assessment of chronic low-back pain.
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To determine the intercorrelation between subjective disability, as assessed with the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) and their correlation with visual analogue scale (VAS) pain intensity ratings. ⋯ The present results suggest that either the PDI or the percentage score PDI and also the even shorter-to-administer PDI factor 1 may be useful and reliable tests for the assessment of subjective disability in low back pain patients. As noted by the moderate intercorrelations with pain intensity scores, both the PDI and the ODQ address a broader concept of disability than that directly related to pain intensity.
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA double-blind, randomized study of naproxen sodium, ibuprofen, and placebo in postoperative dental pain.
In a double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study, 203 patients with post-operative dental pain following the extraction of one or two bony impacted third molars were randomized to receive a single dose of naproxen sodium 220 mg, ibuprofen 200 mg or placebo. Pain intensity and pain relief were assessed at intervals for 12 hours postdose. ⋯ From 1 to 12 hours postdose, naproxen sodium showed a trend for superior analgesic efficacy compared with ibuprofen; this trend reached statistical significance at the 12-hour time point. Both drugs were well-tolerated and effective analgesics for postoperative dental pain.