Articles: pain-measurement.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 2019
Factor structure and internal consistency of a Swedish version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale.
Pain catastrophizing is highly relevant to assess in the context of long-standing pain. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a well-established questionnaire used to measure catastrophizing in individuals with long-standing pain. So far, no Swedish translation has been evaluated in regard to validity and reliability. The aims of this study were to translate the PCS questionnaire from English to Swedish, and to investigate its construct validity (face, content, and structural validity) and reliability (internal consistency). ⋯ The results indicated adequacy of a three-factor solution and the questionnaire's internal consistency, and provide initial support for the structural validity and internal consistency of a Swedish version of the PCS. Future studies should replicate the study in larger samples and extend the current evaluation in regard to validity and reliability.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Feb 2019
Withdrawal symptoms predict prescription opioid dependence in chronic pain patients.
The last version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) includes substantial changes for prescription opioid-use disorder (POUD). After its removal as a criterion, the goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of withdrawal symptoms in long-term users of prescription opioids and its association with the new DSM-5 POUD classification. ⋯ Escalation of withdrawal intensity during opioid treatment can be used to identify patients with POUD. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical implications of these findings during long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Feb 2019
ReviewPain therapy for the elderly patient: is opioid-free an option?
Chronic noncancer pain is an increasing problem in elderly because of rising life expectancy together with an increase of potentially painful medical conditions. Concomitantly, adequate treatment of elderly is often limited by coexisting diseases and polypharmacy.This review summarizes the most important specifics presented by elderly patients and discusses the pharmacological and nonpharmacological options of pain management. ⋯ Adequate pain management of elderly patients constitutes numerous pharmacological options including nonopioids, opioids, coanalgesics and topical agents. Due to age-related characteristics, all systemic analgesics have to be given very cautiously ('start low, go slow'). Whenever possible, treatment should be performed as a multimodal approach based on the biopsychosocial model of chronic pain.
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There are many neonatal pain assessment tools available. However, systematic psychometric comparisons between tools are lacking, particularly those comparing tools regarding their ability to differentiate between pain and stressful procedures. The aim of the present study was to compare 5 widely used neonatal pain assessment tools: Neonatal Facial Coding System-Revised, Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised, Neonatal Pain, Agitation and Sedation Scale, Neonatal Infant Pain Scale, and Bernese Pain Scale Neonates. ⋯ Given that the tools investigated in the present study appear to be fairly comparable psychometrically. Aspects of their clinical utility are discussed and ways of improvement identified.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2019
Multicenter StudyPain Assessment in Children Younger Than 8 Years in Out-of-Hospital Emergency Medicine: Reliability and Validity of EVENDOL Score.
Pain in children is underestimated and undertreated in out-of-hospital emergency medicine. In this setting, caregivers need a reliable pain scale, but none has been validated. A single observational pain scale for all children younger than 8 years, EVENDOL, has been validated in emergency pediatric units. We study the feasibility of EVENDOL score in an out-of-hospital emergency setting. ⋯ EVENDOL is a quick, easy-to-use, discriminant instrument to assess pain in young children in out-of-hospital emergency settings.