Articles: pain-measurement.
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To explore how patients undergoing spine surgery participated in postoperative pain assessment in a recovery unit. ⋯ Results indicate that patient perceptions of numerical rating scale and variation in patients' ability to communicate in the initial postoperative period should be given more attention to underpin patients' pain assessment. This may be a key factor in ensuring patient participation in pain assessment and thereby improving postoperative pain management.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of spatial summation properties at different body sites.
The nociceptive system appears to have evolved a range of protective characteristics that are of great interest in understanding both acute and chronic pain. Spatial summation is one important characteristic, whereby increasing area of a stimulus, or distance between multiple stimuli, results in more intense pain-not only greater area of pain. One of the mysteries of chronic pain is why spinal pain is so prevalent relative to pain at other sites. Since pathological tissue models have failed to fully explain spinal pain, we theorized that body region specific differences in sensory processing-such as a greater propensity for spatial summation-may help to explain its vulnerability. We aimed to examine this by comparing the properties of summation at different body parts: the dorsal forearm, neck, and back. ⋯ While data from this project suggest that there are no regional differences in the properties of spatial summation of noxious stimuli, regional differences in other characteristics of the nociceptive system may yet provide insight into why some spinal pain is so highly prevalent; nociceptive distance-based summation may be highly relevant where two or more conditions co-exist in close proximity.
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Pain is prevalent among older adults but is often underestimated and undertreated, especially in people with severe dementia who have limited ability to self-report pain. Pain in patients with moderate to severe dementia can be assessed using observational tools. Informal caregivers (relatives of seniors with dementia) are an untapped assessor group who often bear the responsibility of care for their loved ones. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of laypeople to assess pain using observational measures originally developed for use by health care professionals. ⋯ We conclude that, as hypothesized, the instruments under study can be used for the assessment of pain by laypeople. This is the first study to validate these instruments for use by laypeople. The use of these tools by laypeople (under the guidance of health professionals) has the potential of facilitating earlier detection and treatment of pain in older adults with dementia who live in community settings.
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J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil · Sep 2017
Reliability and validity study of the Gujarati version of the Oswestry Disability Index 2.1a.
Among all musculoskeletal disorders back pain is the most common reason for functional limitation in working age. It is due to low back pain (LBP) that the ODI has become one of the principal outcome measures for evaluation of disability and has been widely used in research as well as in clinical practice. So far, validated Gujarati version of the ODI 2.1a has not been reported. ⋯ The Oswestry disability index version 2.1a was successfully translated into Gujarati language, showing excellent psychometric properties. Therefore, it can be used in evaluating the disability amongst Gujarati population with LBP for both clinical and research purposes.