Articles: pain-measurement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Lubiprostone for Opioid-Induced Constipation Does Not Interfere with Opioid Analgesia in Patients with Chronic Noncancer Pain.
To determine whether lubiprostone 24 μg twice daily (BID), administered to relieve opioid-induced constipation (OIC), affects opioid analgesia in patients with chronic noncancer pain. ⋯ Lubiprostone 24 μg BID administered for relief of OIC in patients with chronic noncancer pain does not interfere with opioid analgesia.
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As individuals with intellectual disability (ID) due to cerebral palsy (CP) are at high risk of experiencing pain, measuring their pain is crucial for adequate treatment. While verbal reports are the gold standard in pain measurements, they may not be sufficient in ID. The aim was to detect behavioral/autonomic responses that may indicate the presence and intensity of pain in individuals with CP and ID, using calibrated stimuli, here for the first time. ⋯ 1) Individuals with CP and ID have increased responses to pain; 2) facial expressions and self-reports, but not autonomic variables can reliably indicate their pain intensity; 3) the pyramid scale is suitable for self-report in this population. Although facial expressions may replace verbal reports, increased facial expressions at rest among these individuals may mask pain, especially at lower intensities.
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We collected the radiographic and clinical data of 129 AIS patients (Lenke type 1-6) to analyze the characteristics of cervical sagittal alignment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and the correlations between cervical sagittal alignment and global sagittal alignment, and clinical symptoms. ⋯ The cervical sagittal alignment in AIS patients was related with thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, especially with thoracic kyphosis, but not with the coronal angle of thoracic and lumbar spine, and pelvic parameters.
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Chronic cancer pain is a serious complication of malignancy or its treatment. Currently, no comprehensive, universally accepted cancer pain classification system exists. Clarity in classification of common cancer pain syndromes would improve clinical assessment and management. Moreover, an evidence-based taxonomy would enhance cancer pain research efforts by providing consistent diagnostic criteria, ensuring comparability across clinical trials. As part of a collaborative effort between the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) and the American Pain Society (APS), the ACTTION-APS Pain Taxonomy initiative worked to develop the characteristics of an optimal diagnostic system. After the establishment of these characteristics, a working group consisting of clinicians and clinical and basic scientists with expertise in cancer and cancer-related pain was convened to generate core diagnostic criteria for an illustrative sample of 3 chronic pain syndromes associated with cancer (ie, bone pain and pancreatic cancer pain as models of pain related to a tumor) or its treatment (ie, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy). A systematic review and synthesis was conducted to provide evidence for the dimensions that comprise this cancer pain taxonomy. Future efforts will subject these diagnostic categories and criteria to systematic empirical evaluation of their feasibility, reliability, and validity and extension to other cancer-related pain syndromes. ⋯ The ACTTION-APS chronic cancer pain taxonomy provides an evidence-based classification for 3 prevalent syndromes, namely malignant bone pain, pancreatic cancer pain, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. This taxonomy provides consistent diagnostic criteria, common features, comorbidities, consequences, and putative mechanisms for these potentially serious cancer pain conditions that can be extended and applied with other cancer-related pain syndromes.
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The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a commonly used as measure of pain catastrophizing. The scale comprises 13 items related to magnification, rumination, and helplessness. To facilitate quick screening and to reduce participant's burden, the four-item and six-item short forms of the English version of the PCS were developed. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Japanese version of the short forms of PCS using a contemporary approach called Rasch analysis. ⋯ Six-item short form of PCS has acceptable psychometric properties and is suitable for use in participants with musculoskeletal pain. Thus, six-item can be used as brief instruments to evaluate pain catastrophizing.