Articles: pain-measurement.
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Cataract remains a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is currently practiced as the technique of choice in Sub-Saharan Africa to reduce the backlog of cataract blindness. Optimal pain control during surgery remains a challenge to cataract surgeons. ⋯ The mean pain score in this study is low. There is no correlation between perception of pain with gender or age. Surgeons experience is excellent in most of the cases. This method of anesthesia in MSCIS is adequate for patient's comfort and safe cataract surgery.
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Arch Orthop Trauma Surg · Mar 2016
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Turkish version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale on patients with knee injuries.
The Lower Extremity Functional Scale is a widely used questionnaire to evaluate the functional impairment in lower extremities. To date, the Lower Extremity Functional Scale has not been translated into Turkish. The aim of this study is to translate and culturally adapt the Lower Extremity Functional Scale into a Turkish version, and evaluate the psychometric properties of this version in patients with knee injuries. ⋯ III.
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Clinical studies show that chronic pain can spread to adjacent or even distant body regions in some patients. However, little is known about how this happens. In this study, we found that partial infraorbital nerve transection (p-IONX) in MRL/MPJ mice induced not only marked and long-lasting orofacial thermal hyperalgesia but also thermal hyperalgesia from day 3 postoperatively (PO) and tactile allodynia from day 7 PO in bilateral hind paws. ⋯ In addition, microglial activation after p-IONX transmitted caudally from the Vc in the medulla to lumber dorsal horn in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of microglial activation by minocycline at early but not late stage after p-IONX postponed and attenuated pain sensitization in the hind paw. These results indicate that neuropathic pain after p-IONX in MRL/MPJ mice spreads from the orofacial region to distant somatic regions and that a rostral-caudal transmission of central sensitization in the spinal cord is involved in the spreading process of pain hypersensitivity.
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There are many difficulties in generating and testing orofacial pain in animal models. Thus, only a few and limited models that mimic the human condition are available. The aim of the present research was to develop a new model of trigeminal pain by using a spared nerve injury (SNI) surgical approach in the rat face (SNI-face). ⋯ The SNI-face model in the rat appears to be a valid approach to evaluate experimental trigeminal pain. Ongoing studies will test the usefulness of this model to evaluate therapeutic strategies for the treatment of orofacial pain.