Articles: pain-measurement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Movement Evoked Pain and Mechanical Hyperalgesia after Intramuscular Injection of Nerve Growth Factor: A Model of Sustained Elbow Pain.
Lateral epicondylalgia presents as lateral elbow pain provoked by upper limb tasks. An experimental model of elbow pain provoked by movement/muscle contraction and maintained over several days is required to better understand the mechanisms underlying sustained elbow pain. This study investigated the time course and pain location induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) injection into a wrist extensor muscle, and whether movement and muscle contraction/stretch provoked pain. ⋯ This article presents a novel experimental human pain model suitable to study the sustained effects of lateral elbow pain on sensorimotor function and to probe the mechanisms underlying persistent musculoskeletal pain.
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Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg · Nov 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialDouble edge closure: a novel technique for reducing post-thoracotomy pain. A randomized control study.
Thoracic surgeons being doctors, spend much effort not only to manage pathologies but also to make their procedures painless. Many surgical manoeuvres have been evolved to reduce post-thoracotomy pain with its associated morbidities. This trial aimed to study the impact of double edge closure technique on post-thoracotomy pain. ⋯ Double edge technique for thoracotomy closure is easy, rapid, safe and effective in decreasing post-thoracotomy pain with subsequent earlier ambulation and lesser use of analgesics.
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Chronic musculoskeletal pain is linked with sensitization, and standardized methods for assessment are needed. This study investigated (1) the test-retest reliability of computer-controlled cuff-pressure algometry (pain thresholds and temporal pain summation) on the arm and leg and (2) conditioned pain modulation (CPM) assessed by cuff algometry. The influences of age and gender were evaluated. ⋯ Cuff algometry was sensitive to CPM demonstrated as increased cPPT and cPTT and reduced TSP (P < 0.05). Reliability and sensitivity of computer-controlled cuff algometry for pain assessment is comparable with manual pressure algometry and constitutes a user-independent method for assessment of pain. Difference in age-related pain sensitivity between manual and cuff algometry should be further investigated.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Nov 2015
Comparative StudyTools to Assess Pain or Lack of Comfort In Dementia: A Content Analysis.
There is need for tools to help detect pain or lack of comfort in persons unable to communicate. However, pain and (dis)comfort tools have not been compared, and it is unclear to what extent they discriminate between pain and other possible sources of discomfort, or even if items differ. ⋯ This analysis may inform a more rigorous theoretical underpinning and (re)development of pain and discomfort tools and calls for empirical testing of a broad item pool for sensitivity and specificity in detecting and discriminating pain from other sources of discomfort.
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Curr Pain Headache Rep · Nov 2015
ReviewThe Biopsychosocialspiritual Impact of Chronic Pain, Chronic Illness, and Physical Disabilities in Adolescence.
The effects of chronic pain, chronic illness, and physical disability in adolescence are diverse, often influencing every facet of an adolescent's life. The biopsychosocialspiritual model provides a framework within which to conceptualize the experience of the adolescent with chronic pain and can be very helpful in guiding clinical care including creating comprehensive interdisciplinary treatment plans. ⋯ The study of chronic pain in adolescence has been largely limited by small samples, cross-sectional and observational designs, and studies that intertwine findings with pediatric and adult populations. Herein, we review the literature on the biopsychosocialspiritual experience of the adolescent with chronic pain.