Articles: pain-measurement.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Changes in Quality of Life after 3 months of Usual Care in a Large Sample of Patients with Noncancer Pain: The "QOOL: Quality of Life and Pain" Study.
Large-scale observational studies can provide useful information on changes in health outcomes over time. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 months of usual care on quality of life (QOL) and pain outcomes in noncancer chronic pain patients managed by pain specialists and to examine factors associated with changes in QOL. This was assessed using the EQ-5D and pain outcomes using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). ⋯ The BPI severity summary score improved from a mean (SD) of 6.5 (1.4) to 4.1 (1.7) and the interference summary score from 6.6 (1.5) to 4.2 (1.9). Changes on the BPI severity and interference scores were associated with changes in the EQ-5D Index and thermometer. In conclusion, 3 months of usual care in noncancer pain patients led to substantial improvements in QOL and pain outcomes.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pain tolerance assessment in the finger over three testing days. PPT was assessed in the middle finger at the mid-point between the proximal and distal interphalangel joints in 49 college-aged men on three occasions (day 1, day 2, day 3) each separated by 48 h. The pressure evoking PPT was subsequently applied for up to 120 s to assess pain tolerance, whereas pain intensity was rated every 15 s. ⋯ Ratings of pressure pain intensity rose over time during the 120 s test (P≤0.002) and were reduced on testing day 3 compared with day 1 (P=0.029). Our results suggest the use of least one familiarization session would lead to significantly improved day-to-day reliability of PPT assessment in the finger. In addition, the application of the force eliciting PPT was a poor discriminator of pain tolerance because of the fact the majority of participants (146 out of 147 sessions) could tolerate the stimulus for the entire 120 s.
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Observational Study
The Assessment of Acute Pain in Pre-Hospital Care Using Verbal Numerical Rating and Visual Analogue Scales.
Prehospital care (PHC) pain evaluation is an essential patient assessment to be performed by paramedics. Pain intensity is frequently assessed using Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (VNRS) or Visual Analog Scale (VAS). ⋯ VAS performs as well as VNRS in assessing acute pain in PHC. VAS and VNRS must not be used interchangeably to assess acute pain; either method should be used consistently.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Sep 2015
Neonatal Infant Pain Scale: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation in Brazil.
The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), initially developed in Canada, has been previously used but not adequately adapted and validated for use in Brazil. ⋯ The NIPS was successfully adapted for use in Brazil and is now available for use in the assessment of acute pain in at-term newborns in Brazil.