Articles: neuralgia.
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The aim of this study was to address the limited understanding of neuropathic pain (NP) among burn survivors by comprehensively examining its prevalence and related factors on a national scale using the Burn Model System (BMS) National Database. ⋯ This study highlights the significant prevalence of NP in burn patients and its adverse impacts on their physical, psychological, and social well-being. The findings underscore the necessity of a comprehensive approach to NP treatment, addressing both physical symptoms and psychosocial factors.
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In the peripheral nervous system, spontaneous activity in sensory neurons is considered to be one of the 2 main drivers of chronic pain states, alongside neuronal sensitization. Despite this, the precise nature and timing of this spontaneous activity in neuropathic pain is not well-established. Here, we have performed a systematic search and data extraction of existing electrophysiological literature to shed light on which fibre types have been shown to maintain spontaneous activity and over what time frame. ⋯ However, because of the highly specialised nature of the electrophysiological methods used to measure spontaneous activity, there is also a high degree of variability and uncertainty around these results. Specifically, there are very few directly controlled experiments, with less directly comparable data between human and animals. Given that spontaneous peripheral neuron activity is considered to be a key mechanistic feature of chronic pain conditions, it may be beneficial to conduct further experiments in this space.
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Curr Pain Headache Rep · May 2024
ReviewRecent Advances in Management of Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review with Focus on Nanomedicine, Gene Therapy, Stem Cell Therapy, and Newer Therapeutic Options.
This manuscript summarizes novel clinical and interventional approaches in the management of chronic, nociceptive, and neuropathic pain. ⋯ Pain can be defined as a feeling of physical or emotional distress caused by an external stimulus. Pain can be grouped into distinct types according to characteristics including neuropathic pain, which is a pain caused by disease or lesion in the sensory nervous system; nociceptive pain, which is pain that can be sharp, aching, or throbbing and is caused by injury to bodily tissues; and chronic pain, which is long lasting or persisting beyond 6 months. With improved understanding of different signaling systems for pain in recent years, there has been an upscale of methods of analgesia to counteract these pathological processes. Novel treatment methods such as use of cannabinoids, stem cells, gene therapy, nanoparticles, monoclonal antibodies, and platelet-rich plasma have played a significant role in improved strategies for therapeutic interventions. Although many management options appear to be promising, extensive additional clinical research is warranted to determine best practice strategies in the future for clinicians.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2024
Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Contributes to Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Activating Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Epigenetic Modification in Dorsal Root Ganglion.
Paclitaxel (PTX), which is a first-line chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancers, exhibits peripheral neuropathy as a common side effect that is difficult to treat. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT 5) is a key regulator of the chemotherapy response, as chemotherapy drugs induce PRMT5 expression. However, little is known about the PRMT5-mediated epigenetic mechanisms involved in PTX-induced neuropathic allodynia. ⋯ Thus, the NOX4/PRMT5-associated epigenetic mechanism in DRG has a dominant function in the transcriptional activation of TRPV1 in PTX-induced neuropathic pain.
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Neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury is a multidimensional experience that includes sensory, affective, and cognitive components that interact with one another. Hypoexcitation of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was observed in mice with peripheral nerve injury, but the changes in neural inputs onto the mPFC have not been completely explored. ⋯ Specifically, activating the neural circuit from dCA1 to mPFC alleviated neuropathic pain behaviors and improved novel object recognition ability in SNI mice, whereas deactivating this pathway in naïve animals recapitulated tactile allodynia and memory deficits. These results indicated that hypoactivity in dCA1 pyramidal cells after SNI in turn deactivated layer 5 pyramidal neurons in PrL and ultimately caused pain hypersensitivity and memory deficits.