Articles: neuralgia.
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Background Chronic pain is a common symptom in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. The literature shows that the HIV envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) can directly cause hyperalgesia by stimulating primary sensory afferent nerves. The P2X7 receptor in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is closely related to neuropathic and inflammatory pain. ⋯ RES decreased the IL-1β and TNF-α receptor (R) expression levels and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels as well as increased IL-10 expression in the DRG of gp120-treated rats. Whole cell clamping demonstrated that RES significantly inhibited adenosine triphosphate-activated currents in HEK293 cells that were transfected with the P2X7 plasmid. Conclusions RES relieved mechanical hyperalgesia in gp120-treated rats by inhibiting the P2X7 receptor.
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Neuropathic pain represents the major public health burden with a strong impact on quality life in multiple sclerosis patients. Although some advances have been obtained in the last years, the conventional therapies remain poorly effective. Thus, the discovery of innovative approaches to improve the outcomes for multiple sclerosis patients is a goal of primary importance. With this aim, we investigated the efficacy of the 4-(α−L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)benzyl isothiocyanate (moringin), purified from Moringa oleifera seeds and ready-to-use as topical treatment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, murine model of multiple sclerosis. Female C57BL/6 mice immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35–55) were topically treated with 2% moringin cream twice daily from the onset of the symptoms until the sacrifice occurred about 21 days after experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. ⋯ Finally, our evidences suggest 2% moringin cream as a new pharmacological trend in the management of multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain.
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Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-223 on morphine analgesic tolerance by targeting NLRP3 in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods Our study selected 100 clean grade healthy Sprague-Dawley adult male rats weighing 200 to 250 g. After establishment of a rat model of chronic constriction injury, these rats were divided into 10 groups (10 rats in each group): the normal control, sham operation, chronic constriction injury, normal saline, morphine, miR-223, NLRP3, miR-223 + morphine, NLRP3 + morphine, and miR-223 + NLRP3 + morphine groups. ⋯ Expressions of miR-223 in the miR-223, miR-223 + morphine, and miR-223 + NLRP3 + morphine were significantly higher than those in the chronic constriction injury, normal saline, and morphine groups. Compared with chronic constriction injury, normal saline and morphine groups, the mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly decreased in the miR-223 and miR-223 + morphine groups, while mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly increased in the NLRP3 and NLRP3 + morphine group. Conclusion Our study provides strong evidence that miR-223 could suppress the activities of NLRP3 inflammasomes ( NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and Caspase-1) to relieve morphine analgesic tolerance in rats by down-regulating NLRP3.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Concomitant Pain Medications on Response to Pregabalin in Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia or Spinal Cord Injury-Related Neuropathic Pain.
Patients with neuropathic pain (NeP) often receive combination therapy with multiple agents in the hopes of improving both pain and any comorbidities that may be present. While pregabalin is often recommended as a first-line treatment of NeP, few studies have examined the effects of concomitant medications on the efficacy of pregabalin. ⋯ The data presented here demonstrate that therapeutic response to pregabalin and the occurrence of adverse events in patients with NeP are generally unaffected by the concurrent use of other NeP medications.Trial Registration numbers: NCT00159666; NCT00301223; NCT00407745Key words: Pregabalin, neuropathic pain, pain-related sleep interference, concomitant medications, postherpetic neuralgia, spinal cord injury, efficacy, safety.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pregabalin for Postherpetic Neuralgia in a Population of Chinese Patients.
Currently, there are limited options for treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) patients in China. While pregabalin is an effective treatment option for PHN in several countries, there is limited information on its efficacy in Chinese patients. ⋯ Pregabalin improved measures of pain and sleep, and is well tolerated in Chinese patients with PHN. These results may inform physicians treating patients with PHN in China.