Articles: nerve-block.
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A short cut review was carried out to establish whether regional nerve block is better than intravenous analgesia in reducing pain in hip fractures. Altogether 21 papers were found using the reported search, of which four presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results, and study weaknesses of these best papers are tabulated. A clinical bottom line is stated.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIlioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block revisited: single shot versus double shot technique for hernia repair in children.
We attempted to determine the efficacy of a one plane ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block with a single shot and double shot techniques. ⋯ The DS technique, while technically more difficult, does not improve the success rate of the IG-IH nerve block compared with the SS technique.
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Clinical Trial
The relationship between acceleromyographic train-of-four fade and single twitch depression.
During offset of nondepolarizing neuromuscular block, a train-of-four (TOF) fade ratio of 0.70 or greater is considered to reliably indicate the return of single twitch height (T1) to its control value. Studies using mechanomyography or electromyography confirm this observation. The authors' impressions when using the acceleromyograph as a neuromuscular monitor did not support these results. Therefore, the authors studied the relation between T1 and the TOF ratio (when measured by acceleromyography) during recovery from neuromuscular block. ⋯ Assumptions regarding the relation between T1 and the TOF ratio derived from studies using mechanomyography and electromyography do not necessarily apply to observations obtained using acceleromyography.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2002
The antinociceptive and histologic effect of sciatic nerve blocks with 5% butamben suspension in rats.
Butamben, a lipophilic local anesthetic of the ester class, produces a differential nerve block of long duration. Epidural and peripheral nerve blocks with butamben, formulated as a 5%--10% suspension, result in prolonged analgesia without significant motor blockade. We evaluated the effect of butamben sciatic nerve block on antinociception using the rat paw formalin test, as well as withdrawal latencies to thermal stimulation, and assessed histologic changes in the nerve. After right sciatic nerve block with butamben 5% or saline, responses to intradermal injection of 5% formalin were recorded in randomly selected groups of 6 animals each on days 1, 2, 5, 10, 21, and 28. In an additional group of 8 thermal challenges to both hind paws were recorded at 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, and 28 days after right sciatic butamben 5% blocks. Butamben injection decreased the formalin-induced flinches on days 2, 5, 10, 21 and 28 and decreased thermal challenges on days 1 through 17. Histologic changes were minimal. This study demonstrates a prolonged antinociceptive effect from butamben nerve block to both formalin-induced nociception and heat hyperalgesia, without an effect on gross motor function or histologic morphology. ⋯ Butamben 5% nerve blocks produced a prolonged antinociceptive effect to formalin-induced nociception and heat hyperalgesia, without significant motor effect or evidence of substantial histologic changes.