Articles: nerve-block.
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The response to tissue injury includes sensitization of peripheral nociceptors and central neuronal pathways leading to acute clinical and inflammatory pain. A further response is sprouting of sensory nerve terminals in the region of skin damage. This hyperinnervation response is particularly intense in neonates compared with adults. ⋯ Cutaneous innervation was studied by image analysis of immunostained skin sections, 7 days after wounding, and sensory thresholds were assessed using von Frey hairs. The results showed that both hyperinnervation and hypersensitivity were not significantly altered by the application of a regional nerve block at the time of injury. This suggests that regional analgesia, used commonly in clinical practice, is unlikely to prevent the hyperinnervation that follows skin wounding.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Oct 1999
Case Reports[Sciatic, femoral and cutaneous nerve block for arthroscopic meniscectomy in a patient with Eisenmerger's syndrome. Case report].
The principal complication to prevent in Eisenmerger disease with left-right shunt during surgery decreasing of systemic pressure with reduction of pulmonary perfusion and break-down of central oxigenation. A 32 ys old male patient (ASA risk 3) to undergo an extirpation of meniscus by arthroscopic surgery, suffering from Eisenmerger's syndrome with left-type only ventricle, diagnosed when he was 3 ys old and but no repaired by any operation. We performed a sciatic, femoral and lateral cutaneous of thigh nerves block with ropivacaine, that consents a prolonged antalgic effect in postoperative period with minimizing of systemic and pulmonary hypotension risk compared to general, epidural or spinal anaesthesia. Basing on our experience and literature references we think that the anaesthesiological technique with the lowest risk for lower limb surgery in Eisenmerger's syndrome is truncular block.
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To reassess reference values for the components of the electrically induced blink reflex, document reference values for facial motor nerve conduction velocity, and demonstrate usefulness of the blink reflex as a diagnostic tool in peripheral facial and trigeminal nerve dysfunction in horses. ⋯ Reference values for the components of the blink reflex and facial motor nerve conduction velocity will allow application of these tests to assist in the diagnosis of equine neurologic disorders involving the trigeminal and facial nerves, the brainstem, and the cranial end of the cervical segment of the spinal cord. This study reveals the usefulness of the blink reflex test in the diagnosis of peripheral trigeminal and facial nerve dysfunction in horses.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Oct 1999
ReviewHaemostasis-altering drugs and central neuraxial block.
The purpose of this article is to review the literature concerning the use of epidural and spinal anaesthesia in patient receiving haemostasis-altering drugs, and to provide clear guidelines concerning the safe use of those anaesthetic in this category of patients. ⋯ Central neuraxial block should be avoided in fully anticoagulated patients. In partially anticoagulated patient, strict delays should be respected according to the pharmacology of the anticoagulants used, before institution of the central neuraxial block. Manipulation of epidural catheters should not be done unless the level of anticoagulation is low.