Articles: nerve-block.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1995
Anaesthesia for microvascular surgery in children. A combination of general anaesthesia and axillary plexus block.
Nowadays, microvascular reconstructions are performed with high success rate even in small children. The combination of general anaesthesia and axillary plexus block was used in this prospective study in order to achieve optimal surgical conditions in these challenging operations. Fifteen children under eight years of age (1-8 years) were anaesthetised with a standardised anaesthesia method using a combination of general anaesthesia and axillary plexus block for microvascular toe-to-hand transfer. ⋯ One 1-year-old child developed a moderate hyperthermia of 39.1 degrees C. According to this study axillary plexus block can be combined with general anaesthesia in prolonged microvascular operations. When the effect of general anaesthesia ceased, the plexus block effectively increased peripheral circulation in the operated hand.
-
Regional anesthesia · May 1995
Case ReportsLong-term brachial plexus anesthesia using a subcutaneous implantable injection system. Case report.
Continuous brachial plexus anesthesia with local anesthesia has been used since 1946 for prolonged surgical procedures, in postoperative pain relief, and in sympathetic nerve block. The benefit or effectiveness of this technique in the relief of sympathetically maintained pain has yet to be established. ⋯ Controlled studies need to be done to establish the safety and efficacy of this form of therapy.
-
Patchy analgesia and incomplete motor blockade sometimes occur during surgery of the upper limb under axillary brachial plexus blockade. To avoid these problems, we sought an alternative approach to the brachial plexus to guarantee reliable anaesthesia. Based on anatomic studies, we undertook a prospective clinical study with 175 patients. ⋯ Tolerance of the upper arm tourniquet for even longer periods also demonstrates the effective anaesthesia. Other important advantages include a very rapid onset of complete neural blockade and long-lasting postoperative analgesia. The method had low risks and high acceptance by both patients and anaesthesists.
-
Regional anesthesia · May 1995
Case ReportsSelective musculocutaneous nerve block and infraclavicular brachial plexus anesthesia. Case report.
Regional anesthesia of the upper extremity may be achieved by the infraclavicular approach to the brachial plexus. ⋯ Stimulation of the musculocutaneous nerve in the infraclavicular region results in biceps muscle contraction. Inadequate anesthesia of the upper extremity may result due to exiting of the musculocutaneous nerve outside the axillary sheath in this region. Evidence of more distal stimulation (finger/wrist flexion) improves the likelihood of successful block of the brachial plexus by the infraclavicular route.
-
This single-injection, peribulbar technique provides a painless and efficacious block without the need for intravenous supplements. One hundred consecutive patients achieved lid akinesia and complete akinesia and anesthesia of the globe by the transconjunctival route. Only 1% needed a supplemental injection, and complications were minor and infrequent.