Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Interpleural block for patients with multiple rib fractures: comparison with epidural block.
Interpleural block (IPB) was compared with epidural block (EB) in 17 adults with unilateral multiple rib fractures and hemopneumothorax. The study was a randomized, crossover, before-after trial on the first and second hospital days. An IPB catheter was inserted along with a chest tube, and an upper thoracic EB was also established in the same patient. ⋯ Serum levels of lidocaine were similar and in the safe range. The technique of IPB seemed to be easier than EB. In conclusion, IPB with lidocaine is as effective for pain relief as EB.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jul 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOptimal regional anesthesia for circumcision.
Dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) is a useful procedure for analgesia in circumcision. It has minor complications and a reported failure rate of from 4% to 6.7%. To evaluate the intraoperative value of additional anesthesia of the perineal nerves--a branch of the pudendal nerve--during circumcision, we conducted a prospective randomized double-blind study on 250 adults. ⋯ On the other hand, only six patients (4%) in Group II had a mild diffused discomfort with no need for additional local anesthesia (P < 0.01). The average operating time was 12.4 +/- 2.7 min (range 9-22 min) in Group I and 10.7 +/- 1.6 min (range 8-15 min) in Group II (P < 0.001). We think that perineal nerves play an important part in innervation of the penis and must be anesthetized during the penile block.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1994
Comparative StudyOn the relative potency of amino-amide local anaesthetics in vivo.
With the aim of comparing the analgesic effectiveness of lidocaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine and etidocaine in vivo, a study of the relationships between dose and duration of infraorbital nerve block (IONB) of various intensities (IONB degrees 3-10) was performed in the rat. With increasing doses longer durations of action were obtained. Further analyses were performed using multiple regression analysis. ⋯ The difference between these agents with respect to their duration of action at all dose levels amounted to 11 +/- 3 minutes (M +/- s.e.m.) for etidocaine vs. lidocaine (IONB degree 10), 27 +/- 4 min for prilocaine vs. lidocaine and 54 +/- 5 min for bupivacaine vs. etidocaine (IONB degree 3). For all other comparisons the log (dose)-duration lines deviated from parallelism, i.e. differences between agents with respect to their duration of action were found to be dose-dependent. The slopes of the log (dose)-duration lines were found to correlate closely to the log (partition coefficient) and log (protein binding) of the investigated agents.