Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison between bupivacaine instillation versus ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block for postoperative analgesia following inguinal herniorrhaphy in children.
This study compared the postoperative pain relief provided by simple instillation of bupivacaine into a hernia wound with that provided by ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric (IG/IH) nerve block. Sixty children undergoing inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia were randomized to receive 0.25 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine for either IG/IH nerve block or up to 0.5 ml/kg of the same solution for instillation nerve blocks. In the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), a trained blinded observer evaluated the patient's level of postoperative pain using a standardized 10-point objective pain scale. ⋯ The two groups were not significantly different in age, duration of surgery, or anesthesia. There was no significant difference between patients who received the two treatment modalities in their pain scores, analgesic requirements in the PACU, recovery times, and discharge times. These results demonstrate that the simple instillation of local anesthetics into a wound provides postoperative pain relief following hernia repair, which is as effective as that provided by intraoperative IG/IH nerve block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Latency of brachial plexus block. The effect on onset time of warming local anaesthetic solutions.
A double-blind study was set up to investigate the effect of warming local anaesthetic solutions on the latency of onset of subclavian perivascular brachial plexus blocks. Twenty-four adult patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups. ⋯ The speed of onset of sensory blockade was significantly increased when the temperature of the local anaesthetic solution was increased to 37 degrees C. There were no adverse side effects in either group.
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The ankle block is a safe and effective means of providing sensory anesthesia to the foot. The nerve supply to the foot at the level of the ankle is relatively superficial and consists of five nerve branches. The posterior tibial, which supplies the plantar aspect of the foot; the saphenous, supplying the medial portion of the foot; the deep peroneal, supplying an area between the great and second toes; the superficial peroneal, two branches supplying the majority of the dorsum of the foot; and the sural nerve, which supplies the lateral aspect of the foot. Using a small amount of local anesthesia, these nerves can be effectively anesthetized to prepare areas of the foot for surgical intervention.
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Rev Odontol Univ Sao Paulo · Apr 1990
[Anatomy of extraoral block anesthesia of the maxillary nerve (precoronoid approach)].
The authors measured with sliding-calliper of 0.01 mm of accuracy bi-zigio distance and the distance between the foramen rotundum and vertex of the angle formed by the anterior border of the coronoid process with the lower border of the zygomatic bone. The sample was 160 brazilian adults skulls (50% male and 50% female). Using the Pearson's correlation they found the following results: 1) The positive correlation was reasonably strong in male at the right side between the maximal width of the face and the ideal depth, to reach with an injection needle, the maxillary nerve in the pterigopalatine fossa. 2) The correlation was moderately positive in male sex at the left side and in female at both sides. The formula of the line of regression found was: [table: see text]